___

• American Diabetes Association. (2012). Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care, 35(Suppl 1), 64-S71.
• Arking, D. E., Krebsova, A., Macek, M., Macek, M., Arking, A., Mian, I. S., Fried, L., Hamosh, A., Dey, S., McIntosh, I., & Dietz, H. C. (2002). Association of human aging with a functional variant of klotho. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99, 856-861.
• Banday, M. Z., Sameer, A. S., & Nissar, S. (2020). Pathophysiology of diabetes: An overview. Avicenna Journal of Medicine, 10(4), 174–188.
• Buchanan, S., Combet, E., Stenvinkel, P., & Shiels, P. G. (2020). Klotho, Aging, and the Failing Kidney. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 11, 560.
• Buendía, P., Ramírez, R., Aljama, P., & Carracedo, J. (2016). Klotho Prevents Translocation of NFκB. Vitamins & Hormones, 101, 119–150.
• Buendía, P., Carracedo, J., Soriano, S., Madueño, J.A., Ortiz, A., Martín-Malo, A., Aljama, P., & Ramírez, R. (2015). Klotho prevents NFB translocation and protects endothelial cell from senescence induced by uremia. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences, 70, 1198–1209.
• Butkowski, E. G., & Jelinek, H. F. (2017). Hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and inflammation markers. Redox Report, 22, 257–264.
• Cararo-Lopes, M. M., Mazucanti, C. H. Y., Scavone, C., Kawamoto, E. M., & Berwick, D. C. (2017). The relevance of α-KLOTHO to the central nervous system: some key questions. Ageing Research Reviews, 36, 137–148.
• Degirolamo, C., Sabbà, C., & Moschetta, A. (2016). Therapeutic potential of the endocrine fibroblast growth factors FGF19, FGF21 and FGF23. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 15(1), 51-69.
• Dokumacioglu, E., Iskender, H., Sen, T.M., Ince, I., Dokumacioglu, A., Kanbay, Y., Erbas, E., & Saral, S. (2018). The Effects of Hesperidin and Quercetin on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Interleukin-6 Levels in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Model. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 54, 167–173.
• Dokumacioglu, E., Iskender, H., & Musmul, A. (2019). Effect of hesperidin treatment on α-Klotho/FGF-23 pathway in rats with experimentally-induced diabetes. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 109, 1206–1210.
• Domingueti, C. P., Dusse, L. M., Carvalho, M. D, de Sousa, L. P., Gomes, K. B., & Fernandes, A. P. (2016). Diabetes mellitus: The linkage between oxidative stress, inflammation, hypercoagulability and vascular complications. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 30(4), 738-45.
• Guo, Y., Zhuang, X., Huang, Z., Zou, J., Yang, D., Hu, X., Du, Z., Wang, L., & Liao, X. (2018). Klotho protects the heart from hyperglycemia-induced injury by inactivating ROS and NF-κB-mediated inflammation both in vitro and in vivo. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis of Disease, 1864(1), 238-251.
• Hui, H., Zhai, Y., Ao, L., Cleveland Jr, J. C., Liu, H., Fullerton, D. A., & Meng, X. (2017). Klotho suppresses the inflammatory responses and ameliorates cardiac dysfunction in aging endotoxemic mice. Oncotarget, 8, 15663-15676.
• Hasannejad, M., Samsamshariat, S.Z., Esmaili, A., & Jahanian-Najafabadi, A. (2019). Klotho induces insulin resistance possibly through interference with GLUT4 translocation and activation of Akt, GSK3β, and PFKfβ3 in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14(4), 369–377.
• Harani, H., Otmane, A., Makrelouf, M., Ouadahi, N., Abdi, A., Berrah, A., Zenati, A., Alamir, B., & Koceir, E.A. (2012). The relationship between inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolic risc factors in type 2 diabetic patients. Annales de Biologie Clinique (Paris), 70, 669–77.
• Hojs, R., Ekart, R., Bevc, S., & Hojs, N. (2016). Markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the development and progression of renal disease in diabetic patients. Nephron, 133, 159–62.
• Hu, M. C., Kuro-o, M., & Moe, O. W. (2013). Klotho and Chronic kidney disease. Contributions to Nephrology, 180, 47-63.
• Hu, M. C., & Moe, O. W. (2012). Klotho as a potential biomarker and therapy for acute kidney injury. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 8, 423-429.
• Ighodaro, O. M. (2018). Molecular pathways associated with oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 108, 656–662.
• Ito, S., Kinoshita, S., Shiraishi, N., Nakagawa, S., Sekine, S., Fujimori, T., & Nabeshima, Y. I. (2000). Molecular cloning and expression analyses of mouse β-Klotho, which encodes a novel Klotho family protein. Mechanisms of Development, 98, 115–119.
• Ito, S., Fujimori, T., Furuya, A., Satoh, J., & Nabeshima, Y. (2005). Impaired negative feedback suppression of bile acid synthesis in mice lacking β-Klotho. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 115, 2202–2208.
• Jia, G., Aroor, A. R., Jia, C., & Sowers, J. R. (2019). Endothelial cell senescence in aging-related vascular dysfunction. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis of Disease, 1865, 1802–1809.
• Kahn, S.E. (2003). The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia, 46, 3–19.
• Kazemi, F. T., Ahmadi, R., Akbari, T., Moradi, N., Fadaei, R., Kazemi, F. M., & Fallah, S. (2021). Klotho, FOXO1 and cytokines associations in patients with coronary artery disease. Cytokine, 141, 155443.
• Kim, S. S., Song, S. H., Kim, I. J., Lee, E. Y., Lee, S. M., Chung, C. H., Kwak, I. S., Lee, E. K., & Kim, Y. K. (2016). Decreased plasmaα-Klothopredict progression of nephropathy with type 2 diabetic patients. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 30, 887–892.
• Kuro-o, M. (2008). Endocrine FGFs and Klothos: emerging concepts. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 19, 239–245.
• Kuro-o, M. (2008). Klotho as a regulator of oxidative stress and senescence. Biological Chemistry, 389, 233-241.
• Kuro-o, M. (2010). Klotho. Pflugers Arch, 459, 333–343.
• Kuro-o, M. (2018). Molecular mechanisms underlying accelerated aging by defects in the FGF23-Klotho system. International Journal of Nephrology, 2018, 1–6.
• Kuro-o, M. (2019). The Klotho proteins in health and disease. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 5, 27–44.
• Kurosu, H., & Kuro-O, M. (2009). The Klotho gene family as a regulator of endocrine fibroblast growth factors. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 299, 72–78.
• León-Pedroza, J. I., González-Tapia, L. A., del Olmo-Gil, E., Castellanos-Rodríguez, D., Escobedo, G., & González-Chávez, A. (2003). Low-grade systemic inflammation and the development of type 2 diabetes: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Diabetes, 52, 1799–805.
• Lim, S. W., Jin, L., Luo, K., Jin, J., Shin, Y. J., Hong, S. Y., & Yang, C. W. (2019). Klotho enhances FoxO3-mediated manganese superoxide dismutase expression by negatively regulating PI3K/AKT pathway during tacrolimus-induced oxidative stress. Aging (Albany NY), 11(15), 5548–5569.
• Liu, J. J., Liu, S., Morgenthaler, N. G., Wong, M. D., Tavintharan, S., Sum, C. F., & Lim, S. C. (2014). Association of plasma soluble alphα-klotho with pro-endothelin-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis, 233, 415-418.
• Ma, Z., Li, J., Jiang, H., & Chu, Y. (2021). Expression of α-Klotho Is Downregulated and Associated with Oxidative Stress in the Lens in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. Current Eye Research, 46(4), 482-489.
• Maekawa, Y., Ishikawa, K., Yasuda, O., Oguro, R., Hanasaki, H., Kida, I., Takemura, Y., Ohishi, M., Katsuya, T., & Rakugi, H. (2009). Klotho suppresses TNF-alpha-induced expression of adhesion molecules in the endothelium and attenuates NF-kappaB activation. Endocrine, 35, 341-346.
• Maltese, G., & Karalliedde, J. (2012). The Putative Role of the Antiageing Protein Klotho in Cardiovascular and Renal Disease. International Journal of Hypertension, 2012, 1–5.
• Martin-Nunez, E., Donate-Correa, J., Muros-de-Fuentes, M., Mora-Fernandez, C., Navarro-Gonzalez, J.F. (2014). Implications of Klotho in vascular health and disease. World Journal of Cardiology, 6, 1262-1269.
• Marques-Vidal, P., Schmid, R., Bochud, M., Bastardot, F., von Känel, R., Paccaud, F., Glaus, J., Preisig, M., Waeber, G., & Vollenweider, P. (2012). Adipocytokines, hepatic and inflammatory biomarkers and incidence of type 2 diabetes. the CoLaus study. PLoS One, 7, e51768.
• Marshall, S. M., & Flyvbjerg, A. (2006). Prevention and early detection of vascular complications of diabetes. BMJ, 333(7566), 475-80.
• Maekawa, Y., Ishikawa, K., Yasuda, O., Oguro, R., Hanasaki, H., Kida, I., Takemura, Y., Ohishi, M., Katsuya, T., & Rakugi, H. (2009). Klotho suppresses TNF-alpha-induced expression of adhesion molecules in the endothelium and attenuates NF-kappaB activation. Endocrine, 35, 341–46.
• Matsumura, Y., Aizawa, H., Shiraki-Iida, T., Nagai, R., Kuro-o, M., & Nabeshima, Y. (1998). Identification of the human klotho gene and its two transcripts encoding membrane and secreted klotho protein. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 242, 626-630.
• Moos, W. H., Faller, D. V., Glavas, I. P., Harpp, D. N., Kanara, I., Mavrakis, A. N., Pernokas, J., Pernokas, M., Pinkert, C. A., Powers, W. R., Sampani, K., Steliou, K., Vavvas, D. G., Zamboni, R. J., Kodukula, K., & Chen, X. (2020). Klotho Pathways, Myelination Disorders, Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Epigenetic Drugs. BioResearch Open Access, 9(1), 94-105.
• Nie, F., Wu, D., Du, H., Yang, X., Yang, M., Pang, X., & Xu, Y. (2017). Serum klotho protein levels and their correlations with the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 31(3), 594-598.
• Nishimura, T., Nakatake, Y., Konishi, M., & Itoh, N. (2000). Identification of a novel FGF, FGF-21, preferentially expressed in the liver. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Gene Structure and Expression, 1492, 203–206.
• Oguntibeju, O. O. (2019). Type 2 diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress and inflammation: examining the links. International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, 11(3), 45–63.
• Ohnishi, M., Kato, S., Akiyoshi, J., Atfi, A., & Razzaque, M. S. (2011). Dietary and genetic evidence for enhancing glucose metabolism and reducing obesity by inhibiting Klotho functions. The FASEB Journal, 25, 2031–2039.
• Olauson, H., Vervloet, M. G., Cozzolino, M., Massy, Z. A., Ureña, T. P., & Larsson, T. E. (2014). New insights into the FGF23-Klotho axis. Seminars in Nephrology, 34(6), 586-97. Olejnik, A., Franczak, A., Krzywonos-Zawadzka, A., KaBuhna-Oleksy, M., & Bil-Lula, I. (2018). The Biological Role of Klotho Protein in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases. BioMed Research International, 2018, 5171945.
• Onishi, K., Miyake, M., Hori, S., Onishi, S., Iida, K., Morizawa, Y., Tatsumi, Y., Nakai, Y., Tanaka, N., & Fujimoto, K. (2020). γ-Klotho is correlated with resistance to docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Oncology Letters, 19(3), 2306-2316.
• Özdemir, İ., & Hocaoğlu, Ç. (2009). Type 2 diabetes mellitus and quality of life: A review. Göztepe Tıp Dergisi, 24(2), 73-78.
• Razzaque, M. S. (2012). The role of Klotho in energy metabolism. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 8, 579–587.
• Rehman, K., & Akash, M. S. H. (2017). Mechanism of Generation of Oxidative Stress and Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: How Are They Interlinked? Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 118(11), 3577-3585.
• Ribeiro, A. L., Mendes, F., Carias, E., Rato, F., Santos, N., Neves, P. L., & Silva, A. P. (2020). FGF23-klotho axis as predictive factors of fractures in type 2 diabetics with early chronic kidney disease. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 34(1), 107476.
• Rubinek, T., & Modan-Moses, D. (2016). Klotho and the Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Axis: Novel Insights into Complex Interactions. Vitamins & Hormones, 101, 85-118.
• Semba, R. D., Cappola, A. R., Sun, K., Bandinelli, S., Dalal, M., Crasto, C., Guralnik, J.M., & Ferrucci, L. (2011). Plasma Klotho and mortality risk in older community-dwelling adults. J Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences, 66, 794–800.
• Silva, A. P., Mendes, F., Pereira, L., Fragoso, A., Gonçalves, R. B., Santos, N., Rato, F., & Neves, P. L. (2017). Klotho levels: association with insulin resistance and albumin-to-creatinine ratio in type 2 diabetic patients. International Urology and Nephrology, 49, 1809-1814.
• Stubbs, J., Liu, S., & Quarles, L. D. (2007). Phosphorus Metabolism And Management In Chronic Kidney Disease: Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 in Phosphate Homeostasis and Pathogenesis of Disordered Mineral Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease. Seminar in Dialysis, 20(4), 302–308.
• Typiak, M., & Piwkowska, A. (2021). Antiinflammatory Actions of Klotho: Implications for Therapy of Diabetic Nephropathy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22, 956.
• Tsalamandris, S., Antonopoulos, A. S., Oikonomou, E., Papamikroulis, G. A., Vogiatzi, G., Papaioannou, S., Deftereos, S., & Tousoulis, D. (2019). The Role of Inflammation in Diabetes: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives. European Cardiology Review, 14(1), 50–59.
• Urakawa, Y., Yamazaki, T., Shimada, I. K., Hasegawa, H., Okawa, K., Fujita, T., Fukumoto, S., & Yamashita, T. (2006). Klotho converts canonical FGF receptor into a specific receptor for FGF23. Nature, 444, 770-774.
• Utsugi, T., Ohno, T., Ohyama, Y., Uchiyama, T., Saito, Y., Matsumura, Y., Aizawa, H., Itoh, H., Kurabayashi, M., Kawazu, S., Tomono, S., Oka, Y., Suga, T., Kuro-o, M., Nabeshima, Y., & Nagai, R. (2000). Decreased insulin production and increased insulin sensitivity in the klotho mutant mouse, a novel animal model for human aging. Metabolism, 49(9), 1118-23.
• Whiting, D. R., Guariguata, L., Weil, C., & Shaw, J. (2011). IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2011 and 2030. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 94(3), 311-321.
• Xie, J., Cha, S. K., An, S. W., Kuro, O. M., Birnbaumer, L., & Huang, C. L. (2012). Cardioprotection by Klotho through downregulation of TRPC6 channels in the mouse heart. Nature Communications, 3, 1238.
• Yamamoto, M., Clark, J. D., Pastor, J. V., Gurnani, P., Nandi, A., Kurosu, H., Miyoshi, M., Ogawa, Y., Castrillon, D. H., Rosenblatt, K. P., & Kuro-o, M. (2005). Regulation of oxidative stress by the anti-aging hormone klotho. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280(45), 38029-34.
• Yamashita, T., Yoshioka, M., & Itoh, N. (2000). Identification of a Novel Fibroblast Growth Factor, FGF-23, Preferentially Expressed in the Ventrolateral Thalamic Nucleus of the Brain. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 277(2), 494–8.
• Zhang, Y., Wang, L., Wu, Z., Yu, X., Du, X., & Li, X. (2017). The expressions of Klotho family genesin human ocular tissues and in anterior lens capsules of age-related cataract. Current Eye Research, 42, 871–875.
• Zou, D., Wu, W., He, Y., Ma, S., & Gao, J. (2018). The role of klotho in chronic kidney disease. BMC Nephrology, 19, 285.