Akuakültür için Yeni Bir Tür: Sargoz Balığı (Diplodus sargus)

Sargoz balığı (Diplodus sargus) Akdeniz’de ticari değeri olan ve kontrollü şartlar altında yetiştiriciliği yapılabilecek deniz balığı türlerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada, sargoz balığı damızlıklarından döllenmiş yumurta, larva, yavru elde ederek türün kuluçkahane performansının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 8 adet dişi, 5 adet erkek damızlık balık kullanılmıştır. Örneklenen 1 g yumurta örneğinde 1248±13,47 adet yumurta olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen 946,19±33,85 µm çapındaki yumurtaların 209,35±11,65 µm çapında tek yağ damlasına sahip oldukları gözlenmiştir. Yumurtaların 21,5±0,5°C’de ‰38 tuzlulukta 40. saatte açılmaya başladığı, açılma oranının ise %93,33±1,15, olduğu saptanmıştır. Ön beslemede yeşil su tekniği kullanılmıştır. Prelarvaların 5. günde %100 oranında yem almaya başladıkları tespit edilmiştir. Larvalar hava kesesi oluşumuna 6. günde başlamışlardır. Larvaların boyları ve ağırlıkları sırasıyla 55. günde 25,7±2,49 mm ve 255,8±6,6 mg olarak ölçülmüştür. Yaşama oranı %81,33±0,57 SGR oranı ise %10,79±0,12 olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akuakültür, Diplodus sargus, larva, sargoz balığı, kuluçkahane performansı

The First Data Belong to the Rearing White Seabream (Diplodus sargus) in Turkey

White seabream (Diplodus sargus) is one of the marine species that have commercial value in the Mediterranean, and can be reared under controlled conditions. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the hatchery performance of the species by obtaining fertilized eggs, larvae and juvenile from white seabream breeders. In the study, 8 female and 5 male brootstocks wereused. It was determined that there were 1248 ± 13.47 eggs in 1 g egg sample. It was observed that the eggs obtained with a diameter of 946.19 ± 33.85 µm had a single oil drop with a diameter of 209.35 ± 11.65 µm. It was appointed that the eggs started to hatch at 21.5 ± 0.5°C at 38‰ salinity at the 40th hour, and the hatching rate was 93.33±1.15%. Green water technique was used in prefeeding. It was assigned that prelarvae started taking feed 100% at 5 (day after hatching) DAH. Larvae started to formation of the swim bladder at 6 DAH. Larvae lenght and weight were measured as 25.7 ± 2.49 mm and 255.8 ± 6.6 mg respectively at 55 DAH. The survival rate was determined as 81.33 ± 0.57% and the rate of SGR as 10.79 ± 0.12%.

Keywords:

Aquaculture, Diplodus sargus, larvae, white seabream, hatchery performance,

PDF

___

Abecasis, D., Bentes, L., Lino, P.G., Santos, M.N. & Erzini, K. (2013). Residency, movements and habitat use of adult white seabream (Diplodus sargus) between natural and artificial reefs. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 118, 80-85. DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2012.12.014
Abellan, E., García-Alcazar, A., Ortega, A., García-Alcazar, S., & Martín, P. (1996). Culture of new species of Mediterranean sparids: experiences on pre-growout of white sea bream (Diplodus sargus sargus, Linnaeus, 1758) and sharpsnout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo, Cetti, 1777). Oceanographic Literature Review, 9(43), 932.
Ayyıldız, H., & Altin, A. (2020). Hatching time and early growth of Diplodus sargus sargus inhabiting a coastal area of Gökçeada Island, Turkey. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences, 1-8. DOI:10.1007/s41208-019-00185-9
Barazi-Yeroulanos, L.(2010). Regional synthesis of the Mediterranean marine finfish aquaculture sector and development of a strategy for marketing and promotion of Mediterranean aquaculture. GFCM Studies and Reviews, No. 88. FAO, Rome, p. 218.
Bodington Ph. (2000). Enterprise experiences in the culture of new sparids. Cahiers Options Me¤diterranne¤ennes 47,135-139. Caballero C. & Castro-Hdez J.J. (2003) E¡ect of competitor density on the aggressiveness of juvenile white seabream (Diplodus sargus cadenati de la Paz, Bauchot and Daget, 1974). Aggressive Behavior 29, 279-284.
Cara, J. B., Moyano, F. J., Cardenas, S., Fernandez‐Diaz, C. & Yufera, M. (2003). Assessment of digestive enzyme activities during larval development of white bream. Journal of Fish Biology, 63(1), 48-58.
Cahu, C. L., & Infante, J. Z. (1995). Effect of the molecular form of dietary nitrogen supply in sea bass larvae: response of pancreatic enzymes and intestinal peptidases. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 14(3), 209-214.
Cejas, J.R., Almansa, E., Villamandos, J.E., Badía, P., Bolanos, A. & Lorenzo, A. (2003). Lipid and fatty acid composition of ovaries from wild fish and ovaries and eggs from captive fish of white sea bream (Diplodus sargus). Aquaculture, 216, 299–313.
Conceiçao, L. E. C., Dersjant-Li, Y. & Verreth, J. A. J. (1998). Cost of growth in larval and juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in relation to growth rate, food intake and oxygen consumption. Aquaculture, 161(1-4), 95-106.
Cuadros, A., Basterretxea, G., Cardona, L., Cheminée, A., Hidalgo, M. & Moranta, J. (2018). Settlement and post-settlement survival rates of the white seabream (Diplodus sargus) in the western Mediterranean Sea. PloS one, 13(1), e0190278. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0190278
D'Anna, G., Giacalone, V. M., Badalamenti, F. & Pipitone, C. (2004). Releasing of hatchery-reared juveniles of the white seabream Diplodus sargus (L., 1758) in the Gulf of Castellammare artificial reef area (NW Sicily). Aquaculture, 233(1-4), 251-268. Doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.10.024
Dores, E.,Narciso, L.,Morais, S. & Pousao-Ferreira, P. (2000). Larviculture of the white sea bream (Diplodus sargus): a new approach. Aqua. Special Publication, vol. 28. European aquaculture Society, Oostende, Belgium, p. 187. Nice, France, 2–6 May 2000.
FAO, (2004). State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2004. FAO, Rome, 153 pp.
Gisbert, E., Giménez, G., Fernandez, I., Kotzamanis, Y. & Estevez, A. (2009). Development of digestive enzymes in common dentex Dentex dentex during early ontogeny. Aquaculture, 287(3-4), 381-387. DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.10.039
Goncalves, A. R., de Sousa, L. C. & Almada, V. C. (2012). Dominance and growth of Diplodus sargus (Pisces: Sparidae) in small captive groups. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 137(1-2), 96-100. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2012.01.006
Guerreiro, I., de Vareilles, M., Pousao-Ferreira, P., Rodrigues, V., Dinis, M. T. & Ribeiro, L. (2010). Effect of age-at-weaning on digestive capacity of white seabream (Diplodus sargus). Aquaculture, 300(1-4), 194-205. Doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.11.019
Jensen, J. W. (1985). The potential growth of salmonids. Aquaculture, 48, 223-231.
Karakatsouli, N., Papoutsoglou, S.E. & Manolessos, G. (2007). Combined effects of rearing density and tank colour on the growth and welfare of juvenile white seabream Diplodus sargus L. in a recirculating water system. Aquaculture Research, 38, 1152–1160. Doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01780.x
Kentouri, M., Papandroulakis, N. & Divanach, P. (1995). Specific diversification in Greek finfish mariculture. Cahiers Options Mediterraneennes (CIHEAM).
Mazzola, A., Faranda, F. & Cavaliere, A. Lo Paro, G., Manganaro, A. (1985). Due anni di esperienze sulla riproduzione in condizioni controllate di Diplodus sargus L.(Pisces Sparidae). Atti del V S. IT. E., S. IT. E, 477-482.
Mouine, N., Francour, P., Ktari, M. H. & Chakroun-Marzouk, N. (2012). Reproductive biology of four Diplodus species Diplodus vulgaris, D. annularis, D. sargus sargus and D. puntazzo (Sparidae) in the Gulf of Tunis (central Mediterranean). Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 92(3), 623. DOI:10.1017/S0025315411000798
Olivotto, I., Mosconi, G., Maradonna, F., Cardinali, M. & Carnevali, O. (2002). Diplodus sargus interrenal–pituitary response: chemical communication in stressed fish. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 127(1), 66-70. DOI:10.1016/S0016-6480(02)00024-2
Papandroulakis, N., Kentouri, M., Maingot, E. & Divanach, P. (2004). Mesocosm: a reliable technology for larval rearing of Diplodus puntazzo and Diplodus sargus sargus. Aquaculture International, 12(4-5), 345-355.
Papoutsoglou, S. E., Karakatsouli, N., Pizzonia, G., Dalla, C., Polissidis, A., & Papadopoulou‐Daifoti, Z. (2006). Effects of rearing density on growth, brain neurotransmitters and liver fatty acid composition of juvenile white sea bream Diplodus sargus L. Aquaculture Research, 37(1), 87-95. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01401.x
Saavedra, M., Conceiçao, L. E. C., Pousao-Ferreira, P. & Dinis, M. T. (2006). Amino acid profiles of Diplodus sargus (L., 1758) larvae: implications for feed formulation. Aquaculture, 261(2), 587-593. DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.08.016
Sala, E., Ballesteros, E., Dendrinos, P., Di Franco, A., Ferretti, F., Foley, D., Fraschetti, S., Friedlander, A., Garrabou, J., Guclusoy, H., Guidetti, P., Halpern, B.S., Hereu, B., Karamanlidis, A.A., Kizilkaya, Z., Macpherson, E., Mangialajo, L., Mariani, S., Micheli, F., Pais, A., Riser, K., Rosenberg, A.A,, Sales. &Zabala, M. (2012). The structure of mediterranean rocky reef ecosystems across environmental and human gradients, and conservation implications. PLoS One 7(2):
Santos, M. N., Lino, P. G., Pousao-Ferreira, P. & Monteiro, C. C. (2006). Preliminary results of hatchery-reared seabreams released at artificial reefs off the Algarve coast (southern Portugal): a pilot study. Bulletin of Marine Science, 78(1), 177-184.
Serpa, D., Ferreira, P. P., Ferreira, H., da Fonseca, L. C., Dinis, M. T. & Duarte, P. (2013). Modelling the growth of white seabream (Diplodus sargus) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in semi-intensive earth production ponds using the Dynamic Energy Budget approach. Journal of sea research, 76, 135-145. DOI:10.1016/j.seares.2012.08.003
Silva, T. S., Cordeiro, O., Richard, N., Conceiçao, L. E. & Rodrigues, P. M. (2011). Changes in the soluble bone proteome of reared white seabream (Diplodus sargus) with skeletal deformities. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics, 6(1), 82-91. DOI:10.1016/j.cbd.2010.03.008
Suzer, C., Fιrat, K. & Saka, Ş. (2006). Ontogenic development of the digestive enzymes in common pandora, Pagellus erythrinus, L. larvae. Aquaculture Research, 37(15), 1565-1571. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2006.01598.x
Suzer, C., Aktülün, S., Çoban, D., Kamacı, H. O., Saka, Ş., Fırat, K. & Alpbaz, A. (2007). Digestive enzyme activities in larvae of sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 148(2), 470-477. DOI:10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.06.418
Suzer, C., Kamaci, H. O., Coban, D., Saka, Ş., Firat, K., Özkara, B. & Özkara, A. (2007). Digestive enzyme activity of the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, L.) during larval development under culture conditions. Aquaculture Research, 38(16), 1778-1785. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01841.x