Bitki Artıklannın Buğdayda Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum ve Fusarium graminearum'un Neden Olduğu Kök Çürüklüğüne Etkileri

Farkl ı bitki artı kları buğday, mercimek, nohut, arpa, fi ğ , kolza ve yulaf ile muamele edilen toprak ekstraktlar ı n ı n laboratuvar koşulları nda Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum ve Fusarium graminearum' un misel gelişimlerine etkileri belirlenmiştir. Bitki art ı kları n ı n tümü F. culmorum' un misel gelişimini teşvik etmiştir. Ancak, yulaf, mercimek, arpa, kolza ve fiğ artı kları B. sorokiniana ve F. graminearu ır, un her ikisininde misel gelişimini değişik oranlarda engellemi ştir. Saks ı larda yürütülen denemelerde, bitki art ı kları n ı n tümü, üç hastal ı k etmeninin enfeksiyon oranlar ı n ı n % 8.92 ile % 71.98 aras ı nda azalmas ı na neden olmuştur. Arpa, yulaf ve kolza art ı kları bu üç patojenin neden oldu ğu kök çürüklü ğü enfeksiyonları n ı % 41.49 ila 71.98 oranlar ı nda engelleyerek en yüksek etkiye sahip olmu şlard ı r.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum , Fusarium graminearum, bitki art ı kları , buğday, kök çürüklüğü

Effects of Plant Residues on Root Rot in Wheat Caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium graminearum

The effects of extracts of soil amended with different plant wheat, lentil, chickpea, barley, rape, common vetch and oat residues to mycelial growth of Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium graminearum were determined in laboratory experiment. All the crop residues stimulated the mycelial growth of F. culmorum. However, oat, lentil, barley, common vetch and rape residues inhibited mycelial growth of B. sorokiniana and F. graminearum. In pot experiment, the disease incidence of the three root rot pathogens of wheat was reduced between 8.92 and 71.98% by all of the plant residues. Barley, oat and rape residues were found the most effective on B. sorokiniana, F. culmorum and F. graminearum They reduced disease incidence of three pathogens up to 41.49 to 71.98 %.

Keywords:

Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum , Fusarium graminearum, crop residue, wheat, root rot,

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