Bireysel Düzeyde Faktörlerin ve Girişimcilik Desteklerinin Kadın Girişimciliğine Etkisi

Bu çalışmanın amacı kadın girişimciliğini arttıracak öneriler sunmaktır. Bu amaçla belirlenen bireysel faktörler ve devlet desteği faktörünün belirlenen hipotezlerle kadın girişimciliği üzerine etkisi test edilecektir. Çalışmada, bireysel faktörlerden; yaş, özgüven, başarısızlık korkusunun olmaması, girişimcilik tecrübesi, girişim fırsatı algısı, tanıdık girişimcinin bulunması, eğitim düzeyi gibi faktörler ile devletin girişimcilere sağladığı devlet desteği faktörünün test edilmesi için Küresel Girişimcilik Monitörü veri tabanına ait 80 ülkeyi kapsayan 2010-2016 yılları arası girişimcilik verilerinden istifade edilmiştir. Çalışma bulguları beklenenle paralel olarak bireysel faktörlerin kadın girişimciliği üzerine olumlu etkisinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, ülke düzeyinde kadın girişimcilere sağlanan girişimcilik teşvikleri faktörünün de beklendiği gibi girişimcilikte bulunma problemlerini ortadan kaldırmada etkili olduğu ve dolayısıyla kadınların girişimcilik başlatma eğilimini arttırdığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışma, güncel yönetim konularından biri girişimciliğe farklı bir bakış açısı kazandırmış ve ekonomik kalkınmanın öncüsü girişimcilik faaliyetlerine eğilimi arttırmaya yönelik önemli sonuçlara ulaşmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, kadınların girişimcilik faaliyeti başlatmaları üzerinde ilgili sektörde tecrübe edinmenin, iş yeteneklerini arttırıcı aktivitelerde bulunmanın ve ülke düzeyinde sağlanan finansal ve ekonomik boyutta devlet desteğinin oldukça olumlu katkısının olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bireysel Düzeyde Faktörler, Kadın Girişimciliği, Girişimcilik, Girişimcilik Teşvikleri

The Effects of Individiual Level Factors and Entrepreneurial Incentives on Women Entrepreneurship

The entrepreneurial activities are the pioneers of economic development. The purpose of this study is to find how to increase the level of women entrepreneurship. The study suggests that entrepreneurial incentives factor and individual factors such as self-confidence, no fear of failure, entrepreneurial experience, opportunity to being an entrepreneur, having an entrepreneurial role model, education level and age could increase the level of women entrepreneurship. The factors have been tested by specific hypotheses. The data has been gathered from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor database which examines the data of 80 countries the years between 2010-2016. The study measures the effectiveness of micro- and macro-level factors and the findings support the argument that the factors have positive impact on women entrepreneurship. The study concluded that the entrepreneurial incentives factor could increase women tendency to start up new businesses. One of the current management issues of this study is to recommend entrepreneurs several motivations and to reach influential findings which increase the tendency to women’s entrepreneurial activities. To sum up, having experience in the related sector, engaging in activities to increase business skills, accessing financial and economic entrepreneurial incentives at the social level could increase new businesses and embolden women to entrepreneurship facilities.

Keywords:

Individual Level Factors, Women Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Incentives,

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