Fetal Kan Örneklemesi: Derleme

Fetal kan örneklemesi ilk olarak perinatal toksoplazmozis olgusunu değerlendirmek için Daffos tarafından 1983 yılında tarif edilmiştir. Teknik hızla kabul görmüş ve birçok başka endikasyonla da kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Özellikle izoimmünizasyonun tanı ve tedavisinde devrim niteliğinde bir gelişime neden olmuştur. Diğer yaygın endikasyonları ise fetal anomlali tespit edildiğinde hızlı karyotip değerlendirmesi, gelişme gerilkiklerinin değerlendirilmesi, fetal trombosit anomalilerinin değerlendirilmesi maternal immün trombositopenik purpura, fetal alloimmün trombositopeni, TAR sekansı gibi , fetal hidropsun değerlendirilmesi, potansiyel fetal infeksiyonların değerlendirilmesi ve genetik risk altındaki fetuslarda fetal hemoglobinopatilerin değerlendirilmesidir. Komplikasyonları arasında fetal bradikardi, koriyoamniyonit, erken membran rüptürü ve preterm travay, fetal kanama, fetal distres ve kordonda hematom oluşumuna bağlı fetal ölüm, ablasyo plasenta ve hava embolisi yer almaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fetal kan örneklemesi, kordosentez, prenatal tanı

Fetal Blood Sampling: Review

Cordocentesis, or percutaneous umbilical blood sampling PUBS allowing direct access to fetal circulation, was first described in 1983 by Daffos et al, who pioneered the procedure for use in evaluation of perinatal toxoplasmosis infection. The technique was quickly adopted and used for diagnosis of many other conditions. Notably this led to a revolutionary change in the approach to the diagnosis and management of isoimmunization. Other common indications for the procedure included rapid karyotype evaluation when fetal abnormalities were detected; evaluation of fetal growth restriction; evaluation of fetal platelet abnormalities eg, maternal immune thrombocytopenic purpura, fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, TAR sequence ; evaluation of fetal hydrops; evaluation of potential fetal infections; and evaluation of fetal hemoglobin in patients at genetic risk for hemoglobinopathies. The complications of this procedure can be summarized as fetal bradycardia, chorioamnionitis, premature rupture of membranes and premature onset of labor, fetal exsanguination, fetal distress, abruptio placenta, air embolism and umbilical cord hematoma leading to fetal death.

Keywords:

Fetal blood sampling, cordocentesis, prenatal diagnosis,

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