KOAH OLGULARINDA TEOŞLİNİN YAN ETKİLERİ İLE HASTA YAŞI VE KAN ELEKTROLİTLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Metilksantin grubu ilaçlar ucuz olması ve inhaler grubu ilaçlar gibi hasta uyum sorunu olmaması nedeniyle KOAH tedavisinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Kullanımlarını sınırlayıcı en önemli nedenler; bronkodilatör etkilerinin diğer bronkodilatör grup ilaçlardan daha az olması, terapotik kan düzeylerinin dar olması ve diğer ilaçlarla sık etkileşmeleridir. Bu çalışmada KOAH tanısı ile ‹V veya oral teofilin kullanan hastalarda, serum teofilin seviyesi ve yaş grupları ile teofiline bağlı oluşan yan etkiler ve kan sodyum (Na), potasyum (K), kalsiyum (Ca), Klor (Cl) ve glukoz seviyeleri arasındaki ilişki araştırıldı. Çalışmaya, KOAH nedeni ile takip edilen toplam 65 hasta alındı. Birinci gruba (21 hasta) standart tedavi olarak inhale kortikosteroid, kısa ve uzun etkili beta2-agonist verildi. ‹kinci gruba (44 hasta) ise standart tedaviye ek olarak 600 mg/gün dozunda teofilin eklendi. ‹kinci gruptaki hastalarda 60 yaş altı ve 60 yaş üstü olarak ikiye ayrıldı; plazma teofilin seviyeleri ve oluşan yan etkiler açısından değerlendirildi. Teofilin alan grubtaki 6 hastada tremor, 4 hastada taşikardi, 3 hastada epigastrik bölgede yanma şikâyetleri mevcuttu ve teofilin almayan gruptan anlamlı artmış olarak bulundu. Teofilin kullanan grupta ortalama teofilin seviyesi 13.2±4.1 µg/L olarak ölçüldü. Altmış yaş altı ve 60 yaş üstü her iki grupta da teofilin seviyeleri benzerdi. Tremor gelişen hastaların serum ortalama teofilin seviyesi 16.1 µg/ml, taşikardi gelişen hastaların 14.5 µg/ml, epigastrik bölgede ağrı şikâyeti olan hastaların 9.25 µg/ml düzeyindeydi. Teofilin kullanan 60 yaş üstü hastalarda yan etkiler daha belirgindi. Uygulanan dozda elde edilen serum teofilin seviyelerinin Na, K, Ca, Cl ve glukoz seviyelerini değiştirmediği ve hayatı tehdit eden yan etkilerin ortaya çıkmadığı görüldü. Sonuç olarak teofilinin önerilen terapotik kan düzeyleri aralığında kullanılsa bile yan etkilerin ortaya çıkabildiği, bu etkilerin özellikle yaşlı hastalarda daha belirgin olduğunu saptadık. Bu nedenle teofilin kullanan hastaların plazma teofilin düzeyleri yanında klinik olarak da dikkatli bir şekilde takibi gerekmektedir.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SIDE EFFECTS OF THEOPHYLLINE IN COPD PATIENTS WITH PATIENT AGE AND BLOOD ELECTROLYTES

Methylxanthine group drugs are used widely due to become cheap and no patient drug compliance problem such as inhaled medications. The most important limitating reasons their uses are having less branchodilator effects than other bronchodilators, small therapeutic blood levels interval and frequently interacts with other drugs. In this study, we analyzed the kinds and frequency of theophylline-related side effects, due to the many interactions with other drugs in the COPD and asthma patients’ recieving intravenous and oral theophylline For this aim, relationship between the serum levels of theophylline and Na, K, Ca, Cl, glucose was investigated Total 44 COPD and asthma patients were subjected to study. The average age of patients was 61±5. Serum theophylline Na, K, Ca, Cl and glucose levels were measured for all patients. ECG’s of patients were evaluated. The side effects were recorded during the therapy. Tremor in 6 patients, tachycardia in 4 patients, epigastric burning/pain in the stomach in 3 patients were observed. Serum theophylline values in tremor developed patients was about 16,1µg/ml, in taschicardia developed patients was about 14,5 µg/ml, in epigastric burning/pain developed patients was about 9.25 µg/ml. Theophylline derived side effects was not observed in Cor pulmonale patients. Serum theophylline levels did not affects serum Na, K, Ca, Cl and glucose levels and life-threatening side-effects did not observed in applied dose. As a result, side effects of theophylline can occur even if used in the recommended therapeutic blood levels. we found that these effects are especially more pronounced in elderly patients. Therefore, theophylline user patients should carefully monitored clinically beside of the monitoring plasma theophylline levels during theophylline administration.

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