İrmak POLAT, Mehmet Sukru SEVER, Erol DEMİR, Halil YAZICI, Serkan Kubilay KOÇ, Rabia PAPİLA, Mine ÖZKAN

TÜRK DİYALİZ SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA COVID-19’A BAĞLI GÖRÜLEN RUHSAL TEPKİLER

Amaç: COVID-19, sağlık çalışanları için psikolojik sorunların başlamasına veya kötüleşmesine yol açmıştır. Hastaların enfeksiyon, semptom şiddeti ve ölüm riskinin daha yüksek olması nedeniyle COVID-19, diyaliz çalışanları üzerinde ek bir stres oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmada, salgının erken döneminde Türk diyaliz çalışanlarındaki psikolojik zorlanma ve ilişkili etmenleri araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Türkiye’deki özel ve kamu diyaliz merkezlerinden doktor, hemşire ve yardımcı sağlık personelleri katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, COVID-19’la ilişkili sorular, Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği-21 (DASÖ-21) ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’ni (ÇBASDÖ) içeren çevrimiçi bir anket doldurmuşlardır. Ki-Kare, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney-U, Kruskal Wallis, Spearman korelasyon ve lojistik regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çoğunluğu hemşireler (n=465; %48,8) olmakla birlikte, yardımcı sağlık personeli (n=402; %42,2) ve doktoların (n=86; %9) yanıtlarından eksiksiz olan toplam 953 yanıt analize alınmıştır. Enfekte olmak ve COVID-19’u çevresindekilere bulaştırmak en büyük endişe kaynakları olarak saptanmıştır. DASÖ-21 puanları bekar, çocuğu olmayan, koruyucu ekipman bulmakta güçlük çeken veya ileride bulma kaygısı yaşayan, COVID-19(+) kişilerle temas halinde olan; sigara ve alkol kullanımını artıran; yeni başlayan uyku, iştah ve somatik sorunlar bildiren katılımcılarda daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Enfeksiyonu kapmak (%94,6) vs. (%90,6) vs. (%84,7); p<0,001] ve ekipman sorunuyla ile ilgili endişeler [(%52,9) vs. (%29,4) vs. (%26,3); p<0,001], uyku [(%62,2) vs.(%43,5) vs. (%34); p<0,001, sırasıyla] ve somatik sorunlar [(%58,4) vs. (%50) vs. (%28,2); p<0,001] ve DASÖ-21 puanları [(5-21) vs. (3-15) vs. (0-12); p<0,001] hemşirelerde doktor ve sağlık çalışanlarına göre daha yüksektir. Sonuç: Salgına yönelik endişeler ve yaşam şekli değişiklikleri psikolojik zorluklarla ilişkili saptanmış olup, yeterli bilgi düzeyi, bulaştan korunma ve sosyal desteğin sağlık çalışanları için önemli konular olduğu görülmektedir. Sağlık çalışanlarının endişelerini yakınları, meslektaşları ve amirlerine/yöneticileriyle paylaşması önerilirken; kurumların da personelin psikolojik durumuna dikkat göstermesi ve gereğinde hızlı girişimler sağlaması önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVID-19, Diyaliz, Sağlık Çalışanları, Ruhsal Tepki

TURKISH DIALYSIS HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO COVID-19

Objective: COVID-19 has been a stressful experience for healthcare providers (HCPs) and created additional distress for dialysis HCPs due to patients’ higher risk of infection, symptom severity, and death. This study aims to investigate Turkish dialysis HCPs’ levels of psychological difficulties during COVID-19’s initial outbreak. Materials and Methods: The study has recruited physicians, nurses, and healthcare workers in dialysis centers. The participants completed an online survey that includes the screening questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS21), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The study conducts the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis H test, Spearman correlation, and linear regression analyses. Results: The study involves 953 respondents, with nurses making up the majority (n=465, 48.8%), followed by healthcare workers (n=402; 42.2%) and physicians (n=86; 9%). HCPs’ most significant concerns were getting infected with COVID-19 and transmitting the disease to their loved ones. Single participants, those without children, those who had trouble finding equipment, and those worried about being able to find equipment in the future, being in contact with COVID-19 (+) people, those whose tobacco and alcohol use increased, and those who declared sleep, appetite, and/or somatic problems had higher DASS-21 scores. When compared respectively to healthcare workers and physicians, nurses were found to be more worried about getting COVID-19 (94.6% compared to 90.6% and 84.7%; p < 0.001), experience equipment shortages (52.9% compared to 29.4% and 26.3%; p<0.001), have sleep (62.2% compared to 43.5% and 34%; p<0.001) and somatic problems (58.4% compared to 50% and 28.2%; p<0.001), and higher DASS-21 scores (Range=5-21 compared to 3-15 and 0-12; p<0.001). Conclusion: Worries and lifestyle changes associated with the outbreak are seen to have been be related to psychological difficulties. An adequate level of knowledge, self-protection, and social support are essential issues for HCPs. While this study recommends that HCPs express and share their worries, institutions should also focus on the psychological status of their staff and provide immediate interventions.

Keywords:

COVID-19, dialysis, healthcare providers, psychological response,

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