SIFIR ATIK YAKLAŞIMININ KÖKENLERİ VE GÜNÜMÜZDEKİ ANLAMI

Atık sorunuyla mücadele edebilmek için günümüzde sıfır atık olarak nitelendirilen atık yönetim anlayışınıntemel düşünceleri, doğal çevrimler ve döngüsel ekonomi modelinin dayanak noktalarıyla büyük orandabenzerlik göstermektedir.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sıfır atık yaklaşımının, geçmişten günümüze geçirdiği dönüşümleri atık sorunu,atıkların yönetilmesi gerekliliği, doğrusal ve döngüsel ekonomi bağlamında ele alınması ve kavramıngünümüzdeki anlamının incelenmesidir.Yöntem: Literatür araştırması yöntemine dayanan bu çalışmada, kaynak taraması “Science Direct”, “Wiley”,“Taylor and Francis”, “ JStor”, “Web of Science” ve “Google Scholar” veri tabanlarında, “sıfır atık yaklaşımı”,“sıfır atık yaklaşımının tarihi”, “sıfır atık hiyerarşisi” ve “döngüsel ekonomi ve sıfır atık” gibi anahtar kavramlargirilerek gerçekleştirilmiştir.Bulgular: Yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda, sıfır atık yaklaşımının temel mantığı ile uyumlu düşüncelere 19.yüzyılda rastlanılmasına rağmen, kavramın ilk kez 1970’li yıllarda kullanıldığı, günümüzdeki anlamının isedaha çok döngüsel ekonomi ve sıfır atık hiyerarşisi kapsamında ele alındığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sıfır atıkyaklaşımının öncelikli uygulamalarının sıfır atık ürün tasarımı, atık azaltımı ve önleme ile yeniden kullanımolduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Özgünlük: Çalışmanın özgün yanı, sıfır atık yaklaşımının ortaya çıkışı, tarihsel dönüşüm süreci vegünümüzdeki anlamını Türk çevre literatüründe detaylı bir şekilde ele almasıdır.

THE ORIGINS AND CURRENT MEANING OF ZERO WASTE APPROACH

To struggle with the waste problem, the main thoughts of the waste management approach, which is considered zero waste at present, are largely analogous to the bases of the natural cycles and circular economy model. Purpose: This study aims to examine the transformations of the zero waste approach from the past to the present in the context of the waste problem, the necessity of waste management, linear and circular economy and to examine the current meaning of the concept. Method: In this study, which based on literature research method, the literature review was carried out in “Science Direct”, “Wiley”, “Taylor and Francis”, “JStor”, “Web of Science”, and “Google Scholar” databases to “zero waste approach”, “history of zero waste approach”, “zero waste hierarchy”, and “circular economy and zero waste” keywords. Findings: As a result of the research, it has been determined that although the thoughts compatible with the basic idea of the zero waste approach were encountered in the 19th century, the concept was first used in the 1970s, and its current meaning is mostly addressed in the context of the circular economy and zero waste hierarchy. Also, it was concluded that the priority applications of the zero waste approach are zero waste product design, waste reduction/prevention, and reuse. Originality: The authenticity aspect of the study is to explain the occurrence of the zero waste approach, the historical transformation process, and the current meaning in Turkish environmental literature in detail.

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