الإطارُ المَرجعيُّ لِلكَفاءَةِ اللُّغويّة لحِلْفِ شَمالِ الأَطلَسِيّ - عَرضٌ وتَحليلٌ

تَعرِض هذه الورقة وتحلِّل الإطار المرجعيَّ لِحِلْف شَمالِ الأطلَسيّ للكَفاءةِ اللُّغويّة المُسمَّى "ستانج"، وقد صدرَ للمرّة الأُولى عامَ ، وكان مُعتمِدًا على إطار المائدة المستديرة الأمريكيّ المعروفِ باسم ، ومنذُ ذلك التاريخ مرَّ بعمليات تطويرٍ كُلّيّة وجزئيّة، كما أثمرت عمليةُ التطوير مجموعةً من اختبارات الكفاءَةِ اللُّغويّةِ في ضوء معايير الإطار عامَ. وتأتي أهمية هذا الموضوعُ لسببينِ رئيسين: الأوّل خاصٌّ بالإطار نفسه، والثاني خاصٌّ بهذه الورقة؛ أمَّا الخاصُّ بالإطار فأهميته تنبُع من أنَّ إطارَ ستانج ثمرةُ تعاونِ عَددٍ من الدّول المختلفة اللُّغات، أي أنَّه إطارٌ دوليّ وليس مُنجَزَ دولةٍ بعينِها، بجانب أنَّه صار مرجعيةً للعديد من الدّول الأعضاء في الحلف في مجالات التقييم اللُّغويّ وتصميم المناهج والبرامجِ اللُّغويّة، بالإضافة إلى أنَّ جمهوره خاصٌّ جدا -المدنيين والعسكريين- من ذوي العَلاقة بعمليات حِلْفِ شَمال الأطلنطيّ، ومن جانب آخرَ فإنَّ عملية تطويره مرَّت بمراحلَ كثيرة منذ نشأته حتَّى الطّبعة الثانية من الإصدارِ الخامس عامَ ، وهو أمر يفيدُ الباحثين العربَ المهتمين بفكرة إنشاء إطارٍ مرجعيٍّ عربيٍّ واختبار معيار دوليّ للكفاءة اللُّغويّة. أمَّا أهميةُ هذه الورقة فترجع إلى أنَّها تعتبر من الأعمال الأُولى التي تعرِضُ ستانج باللُّغة العربية حيثُ لا تتوفَّر عنه أيةُ معلوماتٍ بالعربية سواءً بشكل عام أو في المواقع البحثيّة.

NATO STANAG 6001 Language Proficiency Framework Review and Analysis

This paper presents a review and analysis of the NATO Language Proficiency Framework, known as STANAG 6001. This framework was published for the first time in 1976, based on the Interagency Language Roundtable, known as ILR. Since then, the STANAG 6001 framework has gone through total and partial development processes. The development process resulted in a number of language proficiency tests guided by the framework in 2009. This subject is important for two main reasons, one related to the framework itself, and the other related to this paper. The reason related to the framework comes from its being an outcome of a cooperation of a number of countries of different languages, thus, it is an international framework, rather than a product of a specific country. It also became a reference for many of the Alliance country members in the domains of language assessment, language curriculum and program design. In addition, its audience is unique - civilian and military - who are associated with the North Atlantic Alliance operations. On the other hand, the framework development process went through many phases since its inception until the second version of the fifth Edition in 2016. This is something of a benefit to Arab researchers interested in the idea of creating an Arabic framework of reference and an international language proficiency test. The other reason, which is related to the importance of this paper, is in it being one of the first works to present STANAG 6001 in Arabic, where there is no information available in Arabic about it, neither in general, nor on research websites.

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