Kanserli Hastalarda Progresif Gevşeme Egzersizlerinin Kemoterapinin Yan Etkileri Üzerine Etkisi

Kanser tedavisinde cerrahi ve radyoterapi lokal tedaviler olup sistemik bir tedavi olan kemoterapinin yeri ve önemi büyüktür. Kemoterapinin, kullanılan tedavi rejimine bağlı olarak birçok yan etkisi vardır. Yorgunluk, bulantı ve kusma, nötropeni, anemi, periferal nöropati, uyku bozuklukları kemoterapinin en sık görülen yan etkilerindendir ve hastaların yaşam kalitesini önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Kemoterapiye bağlı yan etkilerin yönetiminde önerilen ancak etkinliği tartışmalı olan yöntemlerden biri de Progresif Gevşeme Egzersizleridir (PGE). Progresif Gevşeme Egzersizleri’nin kanser hastalarında ağrı, anksiyete, depresyon, uyku bozuklukları, kemoterapiye bağlı bulantı, kusma, yorgunluk gibi sorunlar üzerinde etkinliğini değerlendiren az sayıda çalışma vardır ve yeterli kanıt yoktur. Yapılan çalışmaların da metadolojik açıdan zayıf olduğu bildirilmiştir. Kanser hastaları gerek hastalığın etkisi veya gerek tedavi yöntemlerinin yan etkileri nedeniyle zorlu bir süreçten geçmektedir. Bu hastalara standart farmakolojik tedavinin yanında progresif gevşeme eğitiminin verilmesi gibi ileri düzeyde, basit, pahalı olmayan ve güvenilir hemşirelik uygulamalarının semptom kontrolünü artıracağı ve yaşam kalitesini geliştireceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Progresif gevşeme egzersizleri, kemoterapi, yan etki, hemşirelik

The Effects of Progressive Relaxation Exercises on Side Effects of Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients

Chemotherapy, which is a systemic treatment in cancer, plays a great and important role in cancer treatment while surgery and radiothepy serve as local treatments. Depending on the treatment regime, chemotherapy has a number of side effects. Fatigue, nausea and vomiting, neutropenia, anemia, peripheral neuropathy, and sleep disorders are the most common side effects of chemotherapy and these significantly affect the quality of life of patients. One of the methods that are recommended in managing the side effects led by chemotherapy is the Progressive Relaxation Exercises, whose efficiency is still controversial. There are only few studies evaluating the efficacy of progressive relaxation exercises on the problems that cancer patients suffer such as pain, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, nausea, vomiting, fatigue led by chemotherapy, and there is insufficient evidence. It was also reported that the studies carried out were methodologically weak. Cancer patients pass through difficult times due to the disease itself or the side effects of the treatment methods. It is belived that advanced, simple, inexpensive and reliable nursing practices such as the progressive relaxation training in addition to the standard pharmacological treatment will improve the control over symptoms and increase the quality of life of the patients.

Keywords:

Progressive relaxation exercises, chemotherapy, side effect, nursing,

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