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MEVCUT BİR BİNARY JEOTERMAL SANTRALİN PERFORMANS GELİŞTİRMESİ VE TERMOEKONOMİK OPTİMİZASYONU: BİR VAKA ÇALIŞMASI

Jeotermal güç santralleri dünyanın birçok yerinde yıllardır kullanılmaktadır. Jeotermal kaynaklardan güç üretmek için farklı termodinamik çevrimler kullanılabilir. Binary çevrim santralleri, nispeten düşük sıcaklıklarda sıvı yoğunluklu kaynaklardan gelen jeotermal suyu kullanır. Bu santraller, düşük kaynama sıcaklığına sahip bir binary iş akışkanı (izobütan, pentan, izopentan, R-114, vb.) ile Rankin çevrimiyle çalışır. Bu çalışmada, mevcut bir binary jeotermal güç santrali ile ilgili bir vaka çalışması yapılmıştır. Türkiye'nin batısındaki 2.7 MW’lık Binary Organik Rankine çevrimi (ORC) tasarımı bir jeotermal santralin termoekonomik performans değerlendirmesi ve optimizasyonu, gerçek santral çalışma verileri kullanılarak yapılmış ve geliştirme potansiyeli tespit edilmiştir. Afyon Jeotermal Enerji Santrali (AFJES), elektrik üretiminde jeotermal enerjinin kullanımı için mevcut çalışma parametreleri kapsamlı bir şekilde kullanılarak bilgisayar ortamında termodinamik olarak modellenmiştir. Santralin jeotermal su sıcaklığı ve kütlesel debisi sırasıyla 110 °C ve 150 kg/s’dir. Santralin enerji ve ekserji verimliliği % 10.4 ve % 29.7 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Jeotermal elektrikten elde edilen gelir 2.880.277 $/yıl ve basit bir geri ödeme süresi ise 3.36 yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Santralden üretilen elektriğin ekserjetik maliyeti 0.0233 $/kWh olarak hesaplanmıştır. Santralden üretilen elektriğin optimize edilmiş basit geri ödeme süresi ve ekserji maliyeti sırasıyla 2.87 yıl ve 0.0176 $/kWh olarak hesaplanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Jeotermal güç santrali, termodinamik analiz, termoekonomik analiz, optimizasyon

IMPROVING PERFORMANCE AND THERMOECONOMIC OPTIMIZATION OF AN EXISTING BINARY GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT: A CASE STUDY

Geothermal power plants have been in operation for decades in many parts of the world. Different thermodynamic cycles can be used for producing power from geothermal resources. Binary cycle plants use the geothermal water from liquid-dominated resources at relatively low temperatures. These plants operate on a Rankine cycle with a binary working fluid (isobutane, pentane, isopentane, R-114, etc.) that has a low boiling temperature. A case study on an existing binary geothermal power plant is available in this study. Thermoeconomic performance evaluation and optimization of 2.7 MW binary organic Rankine cycle (ORC) design geothermal power plant in western Turkey is conducted using actual plant operating data, and potential improvements are identified. Afyon Geothermal Power Plant (AFJES) is thermodynamically modeled in a computer environment using current working parameters in a comprehensive way for the use of geothermal energy in electricity generation. Geothermal water temperature and mass flow rate of the plant are 110°C, and 150 kg/s, respectively. Energy and exergy efficiencies of the plant are calculated as 10.4% and 29.7%. The potential annual revenue of geothermal electricity is calculated to be 2,880,277 $/yr with a simple payback period of 3.36 years. The exergetic cost of the electricity from the plant is calculated as 0.0233 $/kWh. The optimized simple payback period and exergy cost of the electricity generated in the plant is calculated as 2.87 years and 0.0176 $/kWh, respectively.

Keywords:

Geothermal power plant, thermodynamic analysis, thermoeconomic analysis, optimization,

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