BİR ELEKTRİKLİ KÖRÜKLÜ ŞEHİR İÇİ OTOBÜSÜN YILLIK ISI YÜKÜ KESTİRİMİ

Bu çalışma, körüklü elektrikli şehir içi otobüsünün ısı yükünü tahmin etmek için ayrıntılı bir yöntem sunmaktadır. Güneş, metabolik, ortam ve havalandırma ısı yüklerinden oluşan termal yük, bir yıllık bir süre için saatlik olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Kullanılan model, saatlik yolcu doluluk oranını, hattın bulunduğu bölgedeki saatlik hava durumunu ve saatlik güneş yüklerini girdi olarak alır ve ısı yükünü buna göre tahmin eder. Her termal yükün önemini ve katkısını belirlemek için tüm yükler ayrı ayrı hesaplanmıştır. Her yükün zaman içindeki katkısının değişimini gözlemlemek için yılın her saati için hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Önerilen yöntemle, bir elektrik otobüsün termal yükü sistem tasarım aşamasında tahmin edilebilir ve elektrikli otobüsün HVAC sistemi buna göre seçilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Isı yükleri, HVAC, Elektrikli otobüs, Elektromobilite, Elektrifikasyon

PREDICTION OF THE ANNUAL HEAT LOAD OF AN ARTICULATED ELECTRIC URBAN BUS

This study presents a detailed method to estimate the thermal load of an articulated electric urban bus. Thermal load, which consists of solar, metabolic, ambient and ventilation heat loads, is estimated hourly for a one year period. A mathematical model takes into account the hourly passenger occupancy rate, hourly weather condition of the line and hourly solar loads as input and predicts the heat load accordingly. In order to determine the importance and contribution of each thermal load, all loads are calculated individually. Calculations are made for each hour of a year in order to observe the change of the contribution of each load in time. With the proposed method, the thermal load of an electric bus can be predicted in the system design phase and the HVAC system of the bus can be selected accordingly.

Keywords:

Thermal loads, HVAC, Electric bus, Electromobility, Electrification,

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