THE BASIC DYNAMICS OF SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN ENTERPRISES: KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL

Today, enterprises need to develop and carry out different and original practices in order to attain sustainable competitiveness and to keep up with rapid macro-level changes. In the process of differentiation, the concepts of “knowledge management” and “intellectual capital” are of significance. Knowledge management is a strategy that helps direct knowledge to the right centers in the processes of transmitting the right knowledge at the right time to the right targets, sharing knowledge with workers, and bettering the organizational performance. The fact that intellectual capital is addressed as a combination of three main dynamics demonstrates that the scope of this concept has widened significantly. Each of these dynamics “human capital”, “structural capital” and “relational (or client) capital” is a separate value and of utmost importance for sustainable competitiveness. The aim of this study, thus, is to provide a perspective by conceptually discussing the notions of knowledge management and intellectual capital as well as the interaction between them in terms of sustainable competitiveness at the dimension of value creation.

Keywords:

Knowledge Management, Intellectual Capital Sustainable Competitive Advantage,

PDF

___

Abeysekera,I. and Guthrie, J. (2004). “Human Capital Reporting In A Developing Nation”, The British Accounting Review, 36 (3), pp.251-268.
Alle, V., (1999). The Art And Practice Of Being A Revolutionary, Journal Of Knowledge Management, 3 (2), pp.121-131.
Bontis, N. (1996). There is a Price on Your Head: Managing Intellectuel Capital Strategically,
Business Quarterly, Summer, pp.40-47. Bontis, N., Keow, W.C.C. and Richardson, S. (2000). Intellectual Capital and Business
Performance in Malaysian Industries", Journal Of Intellectual Capital, 1(1), pp.85-100. Brooking, A. (1996). Intellectual Capital: Core Asset for the Third Milennium Enterprise. London:
Internatinal Thomson Business Press, p. 8, 12-13, 76. Brummet, R.L., Flamholtz, E.G. and Pyle, W.C. (1968). 'Human resource measurement - A challenge for accountants', The Accounting Review, XLIII(2), April, p. 217-224.
Carrol, R. F. and Tansey, R. R. (2000), "Intellectual Capital in the New Internet Economy-Its
Meaning, Measurement And Management For Enhancing Ouality", Journal Of Intellectual Capital, 1(4), pp. 296-312. Drucker, P.F. (1993), Post Capitalist Society, New York: Harper Business.
Edvinsson, L. and Sullivan, P. (1996). "Developing a Model for Managing Intellectual Capital",
European Management Journal, 14(4), pp.356-365. Edvinsson, L. (1997). “Developing Intellectual Capital At Skandia”, Long Range Planning, 30 (3), June, pp.366-373.
Edvinsson,L . (2000), “Some Perspectives on Intangibles And Intellectual Capital 2000”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1 (1), pp.12-16.
Edvinson.L. and Malone.M.S.( 1997). Intelleclual Capital: Realizing Your Company's True Value
By Finding Its Hidden Brainpower. New York: Harper Business. Elias, N. (1972a). 'Summary of discussion by William C. Pyle of "The effects of human asset statements on the investment decision" and a reply', Empirical Research in Accounting, Selected Studies, pp.234-240.
Elias, N. (1972b). “The effect of human asset statements on the investment decision: An
Experiment”, Empirical Research in Accounting Selected Studies, pp. 215-233. Fincham, R. and Roslender R. (2004). “Rethinking the dissemination of management fashion: accounting for intellectual capital in UK case firms”, Management Learning, 35(3), pp.321-336.
Fitz-Enz, J. (2000). The ROI of Human Capital, Measuring The Economic Value of Employee
Performance, Amacom, New York. Gates,B. (1999), Business @ the Speed of Thought : Using a Digital Nervous System, New York: Warner Books.
Garvin, D. A. (1993), Building a Learning Organization, Harvard Business Review, July-August.
Guthrie, J. (2001), The Management, Measurement and the Reporting of Intellectual Capital,
Journal of Intellectual Capital, 2 (1), pp.27-41. Harrison,S. and Sullivan .P.H. (2000), Profiting From Intellectual Capital Learning From Leading
Companies, Journal Of Intellectual Capital, 1 (1), pp.33-46. Heckmian, J.S., Jones, C.H. (1967). “Put people on your balance sheet”, Harvard Business
Review, vol. 45, January-February, pp. 105-113. Hendriks, P. H. J. and Sousa, C. A. A. (2012). "Rethinking the liaisons between Intellectual
Capital Management and Knowledge Management", Journal of Information Science, 39(2), pp.270-285. Inkpen, A.C. (1998), Learning And Knowledge Acguisition Through International Strategic
Alliances, Academy Of Management Executive, 12 (4), November, pp.69-80, Klein, D.A. and Prusak, L. (1994), Characterizing Intellectual Capital, Ernst & Young Commercial Innovation Center.
Leadbeater, C. (2000), Who Will Ovra The Knowledge Economy? Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
Lev, B. (2001), Intangibles,: Measurement, Management and Reporting. Washington, DC:
Brookings Institution Press. Liebowitz, J. and Wright, K. (1999). 'Does measuring knowledge make "cents"?', Expert
Systems with Applications, 17 (2), August, pp.99-103. Likert, R. (1967), The Human Organization: Its Management and Value, New York: McGraw- Hill.
Narver, J.C. and Slater, S.F., (1990). The Effect Of A Market Orientation On Business
Profitability. Journal of Marketing. 54(4), pp.20-35. Nerdrum,L. and Erikson,T. (2001). Intellectual Capital: A Human Capital Perspective, Journal Of
Intellectual Capital. 2 (2), pp.127-135. Nonaka, I. and Takeuchi, H. (1995). The Knowledge – Creating Company. New York; Oxford University Press.
Porter, M. (1980). “Competitive Strategy”, New York: Free Press.
Roos, G., Roos, J., Edvinsson, L., and Dragonetti, N. C. (1997). Intellectual Capital- Navigating in the new business landscape. New York: New York University Press.
Roslender, R. and Dyson, J.R. (1992). “Accounting for the worth of employees: a new look at an old problem”, The British Accounting Review, vol. 24, pp.311-329.
Senge, P. M. (1990), The fifth discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, New
York: Doubleday/ Currency. Spinello, R. A. (1998). The Knowledge Chain, Business Horizons, 41 (6), November/December, pp.4-14.
Stewart, T. (1997). Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth of Organizations. New York: Doubleday/ Currency.
Sveiby, K.E. (1998). Measuring Intagibles And Intellectual Capital-An Emerging First Standard, www.sveiby.com, (17.04.2006).
Tansen, M., Nohria, N. and Tierney,T. (1999). What's your strategy for managing knowledge?,
Harvard Business Review, 77, pp.106-116. Thompson, G.D. (1998). “Cultural Capital and Accounting”, Accounting, Auditing &
Accountability Journal,12 (4), pp.394-412. Wang, H.J. and Zhang, X. (2012). "Study on the relationship between the identification of intellectual capital and enterprise's performance", International Conference on Information
Management Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering, 2012.
Zhou, A.Z and Fink, D. (2003), The Intellectual Capital Web:A Systematic Linking of Intellectual
Capital And Knowledge Management, Journal Of Intellectual Capital, 4 (1), pp.34-48.