Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Nitromethane Addition to Gasoline Fuel on A Single-Cylinder Spark-Ignition Engine Performance and Emissions

In this study, the effect of nitromethane addition to gasoline fuel on engine perfor-mance and emissions in a single-cylinder spark-ignition engine was experimentally inves-tigated. By adding 5% and 10% nitromethane to gasoline, experiments were carried out at full load at six different cycles. Engine load, fuel consumption, exhaust gas tempera-ture, and emissions were measured during the experiments. According to the measured experimental data, engine power, torque, specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas tem-perature, average effective pressure, thermal efficiency, CO, CO2, HC, and NOx values were compared with each other. According to these results, nitromethane's addition im-proved engine power, torque, specific fuel consumption, and thermal efficiency. It is un-derstood that the addition of nitromethane to gasoline improves combustion efficiency and increases thermal efficiency. With the addition of nitromethane, an increase in CO2 emission, which is a product of complete combustion, and a decrease in CO emission occurred. This supports the increase in combustion efficiency. HC emissions have de-creased. There has been an increase in NOx emissionsIn addition, since the addition of more than 10% nitromethane causes engine instability, it has created difficulties in using it without modification in the engine.

Keywords:

Spark Ignition Engine Nitromethane, Engine Performance, Exhaust Emissions,

PDF

___

Jiang, Y., Chen, Y., & Xie, M. (2022). Effects of blending dissociated methanol gas with the fuel in gasoline engine. Energy, 247, 123494.
Göktaş, M., Balki, M. K., Sayin, C., & Canakci, M. (2021). An evaluation of the use of alcohol fuels in SI engines in terms of performance, emission and combustion characteristics: A review. Fuel, 286, 119425.
Tanoue, K., Takayama, T., Ueno, S., Mieno, T., Irikura, K., Kiritani, T., ... & Watanabe, M. (2021). Study on the combustion characteristics of furan-and nitromethane-added hydrocarbon fuels. Fuel, 287, 119550.
Yokoo N, Miyamoto Y, Nakata K, Obata K, Aoki G, Watanabe M. Research of Fuel Components to Enhance Engine Thermal Efficiency. Soc Automot Eng Japan, Inc 2018;49:241–6.
K. Obata et al., Research of Fuel Components to Enhance Engine Thermal Efficiency Part I: Concepts for Fuel Molecule Candidate, JSAE20199270, SAE 2019- 01-2255.
N. Yokoo et al., Research of Fuel Components to Enhance Engine Thermal Efficiency Part II: Consideration of Engine Combustion Characteristics, JSAE20199062, SAE 2019-01-2256.
Heywood JB. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. 2nd ed. McGraw Hill; 2018.
Davis SG, Law CK. Determination of and fuel structure effects on laminar flame speeds of C1 to C8 hydrocarbons. Combust Sci Technol 1998;140:427–49.
Farrell JT, Johnston RJ, Androulakis IP. Molecular Structure Effects On Laminar Burning Velocities At Elevated Temperature And Pressure, SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-2936 (2004).
Burluka AA, Gaughan RG, Griffiths JF, Mandilas C, Heppard CGW, Woolley R. Turbulent burning rates of gasoline components, Part 1 – effect of fuel structure of C6 hydrocarbons. Fuel 2016;167:347–56.
Burluka AA, Gaughan RG, Griffiths JF, Mandilas C, Heppard CGW, Woolley R. Turbulent burning rates of gasoline components, Part 2 – Effect of fuel carbon number. Fuel 2016;167:357–65.
Zhang, Q., Li, W., Lin, D. C., He, N., & Duan, Y. (2011). Influence of nitromethane concentration on ignition energy and explosion parameters in gaseous nitromethane/air mixtures. Journal of hazardous materials, 185(2-3), 756-762.
Y.-X. Zhang, S.H. Bauer, Modeling the decomposition of nitromethane, induced by shock heating, J. Phys. Chem. B101 (1997) 8717–8726.
J.M. Winey, Y.M. Gupta, UV–visible absorption spectroscopy to examine shockinduced decomposition in neat nitromethane, J. Phys. Chem. A 101 (1997) 9333–9340.
V. Bouyer, I. Darbord, P. Herve, B. Gérard, L.G. Christian, C. Franc¸ ois, C. Guy, Shock to detonation of nitromethane: time-resolved emission spectroscopy measurements, Combust. Flame 144 (2006) 139–150.
T. Zao, C. Yu, L. Han, C.W. Sun, Experimental and numerical simulations on the diffraction of detonation waves in nitromethane, Explos. Shock Waves 14 (1994) 169–174 (in Chinese).
S. Kelzenberg, N. Eisenreich, W. Eckl, V. Weiser, Modeling nitromethane combustion, Propell. Explos. Pyrot. 24 (1999) 189–194.
E. Boyer, K.K. Kuo, Modeling nitromethane flame and burning behavior, Proc. Combust. Inst. 31 (2007) 2045–2053.
E. Boyer, K.K. Kuo, High-pressure combustion behavior of nitromethane, AIAA Paper No. 2358 (1999).
Çelebi, S. Nitrometanın içten yanmalı motorlarda kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sakarya Üniversitesi (2012).
Naucl´er JN, Nilsson EJK, Konnov AA. Laminar burning velocity of nitromethane + air flames: a comparison of flat and spherical flames. Combust Flame 2015;162: 3803–9.
Brequigny P, Dayma G, Halter F, Mounam-Rousselle C, Dubois T, Dagaut P. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 35, pp.703–710 (2015).
Starkman ES. Nitroparaffins as Potential Engine Fuel. Ind Eng Chem 1959;51:1477–80. doi:10.1021/ie50600a035.
Raine RR, Thorwarth H. Performance and Combustion Characteristics of a Glow-Ignition Two- Stroke Engine. SAE Tech Pap 2004. doi:10.4271/2004-01-1407.
Bush KC, Germane GJ, Hess GL. Improved Utilization of Nitromethane as an Internal Combustion Engine Fuel. SAE Tech Pap 1985;852130. doi:10.4271/852130.
Ferguson CR, Kirkpatrick A. Internal combustion engines : Applied Thermosciences, 3rd Edition. 2015.
Cracknell RF, Head RA, McAllister LJ, Andrae JCG. Octane Sensitivity in Gasoline Fuels Containing Nitro-Alkanes: A Possible Means of Controlling Combustion Phasing for HCCI. SAE Tech. Pap. 2009-01-0301, 2009.
Inomata S, Fujitani Y, Fushimi A, Tanimoto H, Sekimoto K, Yamada H. Field measurement of nitromethane from automotive emissions at a busy intersection using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry. Atmos Environ 2014;96:301–9.
Inomata S, Tanimoto H, Fujitani Y, Sekimoto K, Sato K, Fushimi A, et al. On-line measurements of gaseous nitro-organic compounds in diesel vehicle exhaust by proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry. Atmos Environ 2013;73:195–203.
Sekimoto K, Inomata S, Tanimoto H, Fushimi A, Fujitani Y, Sato K, et al. Characterization of nitromethane emission from automotive exhaust. Atmos Environ 2013;81:523–31.

International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology-Cover

Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2016
Yayıncı: Otomotiv Mühendisleri Derneği

Arşiv