Özge ÜNLÜ, Fatma ATEŞ ALKAN, Nural PASTACI ÖZSOBACI, Sedanur ÖZYÜKSEL, Mehmet DEMİRCİ

Trabzon Bölgesinden İzole Edilen İncir Ağacı Latekslerinin İnvazif Kandidiyazis Etkenlerine Karşı Antifungal Aktivitesinin ve Eser Element Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

Kandidiyazis, morbidite ve mortaliteye neden olan önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Hayatı tehdit eden sistemik mikozlara neden olan antimikrobiyal dirençli mantarların sayısındaki artış, yeni antifungal ajanlara olan ihtiyacı doğurmuştur. Bitkisel ilaçlar bu amaçla yüzyıllardır kullanılmaktadır. İncir ağacı lateksinin antifungal etkisi önceki çalışmalarda rapor edilmiş, buna ek olarak çinko gibi bazı eser elementlerin de antifungal etkileri çeşitli çalışmalarla ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmamızda, incir ağacı lateksinin C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis ve C. krusei'ye karşı in vitro antifungal aktivitesinin belirlenmesi ve içeriğindeki eser elementlerin ortaya konarak, bu eser elementlerin potansiyel antifungal etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. İncir ağacı lateks numuneleri, Temmuz 2019'da Trabzon ilindeki dört farklı incir ağacından elde edilmiştir. Latekslerin standart Candida kökenlerine karşı antifungal etkisini araştırmak için mikrodilüsyon tekniği uygulandı ve İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma Atomik Emisyon Spektroskopisi (ICP-OES) kullanılarak eser element seviyesi tespit edildi. İncir ağacı latekslerinde C. albicans ve C. tropicalis için 0.5 konsantrasyonda, C. krusei ve C.glabrata için ise 0.125 konsantrasyonda en güçlü antifungal aktiviteye ulaştığı saptandı. Eser element analizine göre incir ağacı lateksinde en yüksek konsantrasyonda bulunan elementler sırasıyla magnzeyum, kalsiyum ve fosfor olarak saptandı. Selenyum, aluminyum, kurşun ve nikel seviyeleri ise ölçülemeyecek kadar düşük olarak kaydedildi. Çalışmamıza göre incir ağacı lateksinin Candida türlerine karşı antifungal potansiyeli olduğu görülmüş ve aktivitenin lateksin içerdiği yüksek magnezyum seviyesinden kaynaklanıyor olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Ancak incir ağacı lateksinin terapötik etkilerinin ortaya konulması için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

incir ağacı lateksi, Ficus carica, Candida, antifungal etki, eser elementler

Determination of Antifungal Activity Against Invasive Candidiasis Agents and Trace Element Content of Fig Tree Latex Samples Obtained From Trabzon Province

Candidiasis is a major health concern causing both morbidity and mortality. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant fungi associated with life-threatening systemic mycoses, led a constant need for new antifungal agents. Herbal medicines have been tried for this purpose for centuries. The antifungal effect of fig tree latex has been reported and some trace elements such as zinc were associated with antifungal effects. The aim of this study was to determine the trace element content and in-vitro antifungal activity of fig tree latex sample against C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. Krusei. Fig tree latex samples were obtained from four different fig tree at Trabzon province in July 2019. The broth microdilution technique was performed to investigate antifungal activity against standard Candida strains and trace elements level were detected with Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analyzer. The most powerful antifungal activity was reached at a concentration of 0.5 for C. albicans and C. tropicalis, and at a concentration of 0.125 for C. krusei and C. glabrata in fig tree latex. According to trace element analysis, magnesium had the highest level, followed by calcium and phosphorus. Selenium, aluminium, lead and nickel levels were too low to be measured. As a conclusion, fig tree latex has an antifungal potential against Candida species and this may be caused by the high level of magnesium that it contains, however more studies are needed to understand the therapeutic effects of fig tree latex.

Keywords:

fig tree latex, Ficus carica, Candida, antifungal activity,

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