USING CFD TO ANALYZE WIND VELOCITY AROUND BUILDINGS TO DETERMINE THE APPROPRIATE WIND VELOCITY

A 2d numerical study has been conducted by using Ansys Fluent 2020R2 program to design 4 different cases(shapes) for buildings at a different initial velocity value (2,4,6 m/sec) .in order to find a way to benefit from the areas where the winds velocity is small and it not enough to operate the winds turbines. Where a velocity analysis has been carried out for the four cases, each of them separately, and the intensity of turbulence and pressure around the buildings has been calculated. The highest velocity has been obtained at case 3, where the velocity has been reached to 4 m/sec when Vinlet was equal to 2m/sec. The best case has been determined and the streamline and the vector for velocity have been presented for the best case. The area between the two buildings has been divided to six parts. for the best case of the buildings in order to find the area where the velocity flow is high to put the wind turbine . The dimensions, height and initial velocity for appropriate turbine ,have been determined. The initial and final velocities of the used turbine have been determined. Also, the annual energy calculations have been found to increase the speed by using the Weibull distribution. finally it has been determined the annual energy production for the selected region for the first case(region without two buildings) was 68 kWatt hours, but this value increase to 294 kWatt hours in the new case (the region when putting two buildings). That means, the power was increased by 76%.

Keywords:

Wind Turbine, Buildings, Windspeed, Venturi Effect, Velocity Weibull Distribution, CFD.,

PDF

___

1. IEA, “Key World Energy Statistics 2021 Statistics Report” IEA Publ., Pages 1–82, 2021.
2. Euclid A. Rose “OPEC’s Dominance of the Global Oil Market: The Rise of the World’s Dependency on Oil", The Middle East Journal, Vol. 58, Issue 3, Pages 424-443, 2004.
3. B. Bulut, “Remaining Useful Life Prediction in Wind Farms”, International Journel of 3D Printing, Technology and Digital Industry Vol. 5, Issue 2, Pages 145–154, Aug. 2021.
4. S. Gorjian, “An Introduction to the Renewable Energy Resources”, Renewable Energy Technologies Vol. 4, Pages 41-42, June. 2017.
5. IRENA, International Renewable Energy Agency, “Global renewable outlook - energy transformation 2050”, 2020.
6. Department of Energy, “Wind Market Reports: 2021Edition”, https://www.energy.gov/eere/wind/wind-market-reports-2021-edition, 2021. 7. A. Iqbal, V. Chitturi, and K. V. L. Narayana, “A Novel Vertical Axis Wind Turbine for Energy Harvesting on the Highways”, 2019 Innov. Power Adv. Comput. Technol. i-PACT 2019.
8. G. Boroumandjazi, R. Saidur, B. Rismanchi, and S. Mekhilef, “A review on the relation between the energy and exergy efficiency analysis and the technical characteristic of the renewable energy systems”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 16, Issue 5, Pages 3131–3135, Jun. 2012.
9. C. M. Hsieh and C. K. Fu, “Evaluation of Locations for Small Wind Turbines in Costal Urban Areas Based on a Wind Energy Potential Map”, Environmental Modeling and Assessment, Vol. 18, Issue 5, Pages 593–604, 2013.
10. K. C. S. Kwok and G. Hu, “Wind energy system for buildings in an urban environment”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 234, Issue(-), Pages 105349, Mar. 2023.
11. H. Zhu, B. Yang, Q. Zhang, L. Pan, and S. Sun, “Wind engineering for high-rise buildings: A review”, Wind and Structures. An International Journel, Vol. 32, Issue 3, Pages 249–265, 2021.
12. T. Stathopoulos et al., “Urban wind energy: Some views on potential and challenges”, J. Wind Engineering Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 179, Pages 146–157, Aug. 2018.
13. R. Djedjig, E. Bozonnet, and R. Belarbi, “Experimental study of the urban microclimate mitigation potential of green roofs and green walls in street Canyons”, International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Vol. 10, Issue 1, Pages. 34–44, 2015.
14. A. Aflaki, N. Mahyuddin, G. Manteghi, and M. Baharum, “Building Height Effects on Indoor Air Temperature and Velocity in High Rise Residential Buildings in Tropical Climate”, OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 07, Issue 07, Pages 39–48, 2014.
15. D. R. Bhola, “CFD analysis of flow through venturi of carburetor”, IJRMET Vol. 4, Issue 2, Spl- 2 May - October 2014.
16. B. Li, Z. Luo, M. Sandberg, and J. Liu, “Revisiting the ‘Venturi effect’ in passage ventilation between two non-parallel buildings”, Building and Environment, Vol. 94, Issue November, Pages 714–722, 2015.
17. System Analysis Blog Cadence, “Explaining Venturi Effect Wind Flow Analysis in Structural Design”, https://resources.systemanalysis.cadence.com/blog/msa2022-explaining-the-venturi-effect-and-wind-flow-analysis-in-structural-design, 2022.
18. A. Whiston “Urban Street Canyons”, Harvard Graduate School of Design, http://web.mit.edu/nature/archive/student_projects/2009/jcalamia/Frame/05_canyonwind.html 1986.
19. R. S. Subramanian, “Engineering Bernoulli Equation”, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. Clarkson University., Pages. 1–19, 2014. https://web2.clarkson.edu/projects/subramanian/ch330/notes/Engineering%20Bernoulli%20Equation.pdf
20. F. Oral, I. S. Ekmekçi, and N. Onat, “Weibull distribution for determination of wind analysis and energy production”, World Journal of Engineering, Vol. 12, Issue 3, Pages 215–220, 2015.
21. S. Heier “Wind Energy Conversion Systems”, Grid Integr. Wind Energy, Pages 31–117, Apr. 2014.
22. E. Dick, “Wind Turbines”, Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications, Vol. 130, Issue June, Pages 371–396, 2022.
23. N. Jenkins and A. Vaudin, “Wind Power Plants”, Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Germany, 1999.
24. E. Barlas, W. J. Zhu, W. Z. Shen, and S. J. Andersen, “Wind Turbine Noise Propagation Modelling: An Unsteady Approach”, Journal of Physics Conference Series, Vol. 753, Issue 2, 2016.
25. R. Gasch and J. Twele, “Wind power plants: Fundamentals, design, construction and operation, second edition”, Pages 1–548, Springer Science and Business Media, Berlin, 2012.
26. T. J. Chung, "Computational Fluid Dynamics", second edition, Vol. 9780521769., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010. 27. M. Moshinsky, "Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics", Vol. 13, Issue 1. 1959.
28. F. R. Menter, “Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications”, AIAA J., Vol. 32, Issue 8, Pages 1598–1605, 1994.
29. Z. T. Ai, C. M. Mak, and J. L. Niu, “Numerical investigation of wind-induced airflow and interunit dispersion characteristics in multistory residential buildings”, Indoor Air, Vol. 23, Issue 5, Pages 417–429, Oct. 2013.
30. A. Chabas et al., “Long term exposure of self-cleaning and reference glass in an urban environment: A comparative assessment”, Build. Environ., Vol. 79, Pages 57–65, Sep. 2014. 31. A. Samadi and H. Arvanaghi, “CFD simulation of flow over contracted compound arched rectangular sharp crested weirs”, Iran Univ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 4, Issue 4, Pages 549–560, 2014.
32. H. Yu and J. The, “Validation and optimization of SST k-ω turbulence model for pollutant dispersion within a building array”, Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 145, Pages 225–238, Nov. 2016.