GELİR EŞİTSİZLİĞİ VE İŞSİZLİĞİN OBEZİTE ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELERDE PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ

Çalışmada orta gelirli ülkelerde gelir eşitsizliği ve işsizliğin obezite üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan 21 ülkeye ait veriler ile 2000-2016 yılları arasında panel regresyon analiziyle incelenmiş olup gelir eşitsizliği ve işsizliğin obezite prevelansı üzerindeki etkisi panel regresyon denklemi yardımı ile araştırılmıştır. Analiz sonucundan elde edilen bulgulara göre orta gelirli ülkelerde hem işsizlik hem de gelir eşitsizliğinin obezitenin yaygınlığı üzerinde negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu negatif etkiyi gelir eşitsizliği ve işsizlik nedeniyle bireylerin refah ve gelir düzeyindeki azalma ve yoksulluğun getirdiği ekonomik açıdan gıdaya erişim ve yetersiz beslenme (az enerji alımı) ile açıklamak mümkündür. Yetersiz beslenmenin getirdiği sağlık problemleri göz önüne alındığında ise çalışmanın gerçekleştirildiği orta gelir düzeyine sahip ülkelerde işsizlik ve gelir eşitsizliğinin azaltılmasına yönelik getirilecek politika önerililerinin obezite prevelansı da dikkate alınarak geliştirilmesinin toplum sağlığı açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Obezite, İşsizlik, Gelir eşitsizliği, Panel Veri Analizi

THE IMPACT OF INCOME INEQUALITY AND UNEMPLOYMENT ON OBESITY: PANEL DATA ANALYSIS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

In this study, it is aimed to examine the effects of income inequality and unemployment on obesity in middle-income countries. The data of 21 developing countries were examined with panel regression analysis between 2000 and 2016, and the effect of income inequality and unemployment on obesity prevalence was investigated with the help of panel regression equation. According to the findings obtained from the analysis, it was concluded that both unemployment and income inequality have a negative and statistically significant effect on the prevalence of obesity in middle-income countries. It is possible to explain this negative effect with the decrease in the welfare and income level of individuals due to income inequality and unemployment, and the economic access to food and malnutrition (less energy intake) brought about by poverty. Considering the health problems caused by malnutrition, it is thought that it is important for public health to develop policy recommendations to reduce unemployment and income inequality in middle-income countries where the study was conducted, considering the prevalence of obesity.

Keywords:

Obesity, Unemployment, Income inequality, Panel Data Analysis,

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