Lise Öğrencilerinde Akademik ve Üniversite Sınavına Yönelik Öz-Yeterliği Yordayan Faktörler

Bu araştırmanın amacı lise öğrencileri arasında akademik öz-yeterlik ve üniversite sınavına yönelik öz-yeterlik kavramlarının öğrenci, okul ve sosyal çevre odaklı yordayıcılarını saptamaktır. Bu amaçla 9. ve 10. sınıf lise öğrencilerinden oluşan (N = 129) bir örnekleme demografik bilgiler (cinsiyet, sosyo-ekonomik seviye), akademik ve üniversite sınavına yönelik öz-yeterlik, sınav kaygısı, akademik adanmışlık (davranışsal ve duygusal), okul aidiyeti ile aile ve akran akademik desteği ölçeklerini içeren bir anket formu dağıtılmıştır. Hiyerarşik çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçları, her iki öz-yeterlik kavramının da en önemli yordayıcısının duygusal anlamda akademik adanmışlık olduğunu göstermiştir. Bunun yanında aile desteğinin ve okul aidiyetinin her iki sonuç değişkeni ile de olumlu olarak ilişkili olduğu saptanmış, sınav kaygısının yalnızca üniversite sınavına yönelik öz-yeterlik ile anlamlı ve olumsuz olarak ilişkili olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuçlar öğrencilerin güncel ve gelecekteki akademik öz-yeterlik durumlarında, akademik aktivitelere davranışsal olarak adanmaktan ziyade (dikkat ve çaba), duygusal olarak adanmalarının (ilgi ve zevk alma) önemini vurgulamakta, uygulayıcıların akademik hayatı sevdirme konusunda çalışmalar yürütmelerinin gerekliliğini hatırlatmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akademik öz-yeterlik, üniversite sınavı, akademik adanmışlık, sınav kaygısı, aile desteği, akran desteği, okula aidiyet

Predictors of Academic and University Entrance Exam Self-efficacy Beliefs among Highschool Students

The aim of this paper is to explore student, school, and social environment related predictors of academic and university exam self-efficacy beliefs among Turkish highschool students. A total of 129 9th and 10th graders were distributed a questionnaire including demographic information (gender, socio-economic status), academic self-efficacy and self-efficacy towards university entrance exam, exam anxiety, academic engagement (behavioral and emotional), school belongingness, as well as academic support from family and peers. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that emotional engagement was the strongest predictor of both outcomes. School belongingness and family support were positively associated with both self-efficacy measures, whereas exam anxiety was negatively related to only university exam related self-efficacy. Findings highlighted the relative importance of emotional engagement in classroom (liking and enjoyment) compared to behavioral engagement which includes effort and attention. These results imply the need to focus on developing programmes that promote enjoyment in the classroom.

Keywords:

Academic self-efficacy, University exam, Academic engagement, Exam anxiety, Family support, Peer Support, School belongingness,

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