Çevreci Tüketim Davranışı: Etkili Faktörler ve Teorik Açıklamalar

Tüketim ve tüketim ile şekillenen üretim süreçlerinin çevre üzerindeki yıkıcı etkilerinin anlaşılmaya başladığı 1970li yıllardan günümüze bireysel tüketicilerin sürdürülebilir kalkınma sürecindeki rolleri açıkça ortaya konulmuş, çevreye duyarlı bir tüketim ve yaşam tarzının benimsenmesinin gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır. Doğaya olumlu veya daha az olumsuz etkileri olan tüketim davranışlarının motive edilmesi için çevreci tüketim davranışlarının temel dinamiklerinin anlaşılması gerekmiş ve bu bağlamda birçok araştırma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma mevcut literatürde çevreci tüketimi etkilediği raporlanan faktörlere ve çevreci tüketim davranışını açıklamada kullanan farklı teorik yaklaşımlara ilişkin bir derleme sunmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, etkili faktörler, bireysel, sosyal ve demografik olarak sınıflandırılarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca çevreci tüketimi açıklamada sıklıkla kullanılan rasyonellik, ahlakçılık, durumsallık gibi farklı yaklaşımların öne çıktığı yedi farklı teorik çerçeve hakkında bilgi verilmiş böylece konuya ilişkin gelecek araştırmalara katkı sağlamak hedeflenmiştir.

Pro-environmental Consumption Behavior: Influential Factors and Theoretical Explanations

Since the 1970s, when the destructive effects of the consumption and the production processes shaped by the consumption have begun to be understood, the roles of individual consumers in the sustainable development process have been clearly articulated, and the need for adopting an environmentally conscious lifestyle has been emphasized. As understanding the basic dynamics of pro-environmental consumer behavior is prerequisite to the campaign for promoting the consumption behaviors that have positive or less negative effects on nature, numerous researches in this regard have been conducted. This study presents a review of the factors reported to influence pro-environmental consumption and the different theoretical approaches used to explain pro-environmental behavior in the extant literature. Accordingly, influencing factors are classified as individual, social and demographic. In addition, seven different theoretical frameworks, in which various approaches that are frequently used to explain pro-environmental consumption such as rationality, morality and situationism are prominent, have been introduced, thus aiming to contribute to future researches in the field.        

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