Karşılaştırmalı Tarih Yöntemi ve Eleştirisi

Fikren 18. yüzyılın sonunda ortaya çıkan ancak yoğun olarak 20. yüzyılda kullanılmaya başlanan karşılaştırmalı tarih yöntemi, çeşitli tarihsel birimlerin mukayesesi sonucu ortaya konan benzerlik ya da farklılıklarını açıklama, tahlil etme ve yorumlama yöntemidir. Yöntemin karşılaştırma yapmadan yürütülemeyecek çalışmaları ortaya koymak, tekil olayların mukayesesiyle elde edilen verilerle daha sağlam genellemeler yapmak, tarihçilere daha geniş bir bakış açısı kazandırmak gibi amaç ve faydaları bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte yöntem bazı ciddi sorunlar doğurmakta, bu sorunlar yüzünden de sıklıkla eleştirilere maruz kalmaktadır

Analysis and Criticism of the Comparative Historical Method

Comparative history which intellectually emerged at the end of the 18th century, is a method of explaining, analyzing and interpreting the similarities or the differences which are put forth as a result of comparing the various historical units. The purposes of the method are; to reveal the subjects which can not be performed without comparison, to make generalizations with obtained data from comparison of individual events, to give broader perspective to historians. While reaching the aim the temporal/spatial/social etc. features should be considered. This article reveals general features to be considered in the comparative history and then discusses the mistakes in using this method and critics about these mistakes.

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