“TOTAL KALÇA VE DİZ PROTEZİ İLE YENİ YAŞAM”: HASTA EĞİTİMİNDE ANAHTAR KAVRAMLAR

Son yıllarda kalça ve diz protezi ameliyatlarında artış olmasına rağmen, sağlık bilimleri ve teknolojisindeki gelişmelere bağlı olarak hastaların hastanede kalış süreleri kısalmaktadır. Hospitalizasyon süresince sağlık ekibi üyelerinin gözetiminde ve rehberliğinde olan hastalar, taburcu olduktan sonra birçok konuda eğitim ve rehberliğe gereksinim duyarlar. Hastaların taburcu olduktan sonra yaşam aktivitelerini mümkün olduğunca bağımsız bir şekilde sürdürmeleri ve kısa sürede günlük yaşama uyum sağlamaları konusunda gerekli eğitimi planlama ve uygulamada tüm sağlık bakımı ekibi üyelerine özellikle hemşirelere önemli sorumluluklar düşmektedir. Sıklıkla taburculuk öncesi gerçekleştirilecek bu eğitimde hemşireler; hastaların bireysel özelliklerine, sağlık durumundaki değişikliklerle başetme deneyimlerine ve öğrenme gereksinimlerine odaklanmalıdır. Konu ile ilgili literatür ve araştırma bulguları dikkate alındığında, total kalça/diz protezi ameliyatı geçiren bireylerin, protezleri ile yeni yaşamlarına güvenli bir biçimde uyum sağlamalarında özellikle “yaşam aktivitelerini gerçekleştirme biçimi”, “günlük yaşama uyum sağlama durumu”, “kullanacakları ilaçların yönetimi” ve “olası komplikasyonlar” konularına odaklanıldığı görülmektedir. Belirlenen bu anahtar kavramların, total kalça/diz protezi ameliyatı planlanan hastaların evde bakımlarının ve taburculuk eğitimlerinin planlanmasında, ortopedi ve travmatoloji hemşirelerine yol göstereceği düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda bu derleme total kalça/diz protezi ile yeni yaşama uyum sağlayacak hastaların taburculuk öncesi eğitimlerinde hemşirelere rehberlik edebilecek anahtar kavramların belirlenerek, uygulama önerilerinin açıklanması amacıyla gerçekleştirildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Total Kalça Replasmanı, Total Diz Replasmanı, Hasta Eğitimi, Anahtar Kavramlar

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