Ebeveyn Okul İklimi Ölçeği Türkçe Formu’nun Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi ve Ebeveyn Okul İklimi Algısının Cinsiyete Göre Belirlenmesi

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Ebeveyn Okul İklimi Ölçeğinin (Parent School Climate Survey) Türkçeye kazandırılması ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarının yapılmasıdır. Bu ölçek okuldaki genel uyumu, öğrenci ve yetişkinler arasındaki ilişkinin kalitesini ölçmek amacıyla Yale Çocuk Çalışmaları Merkezinden Haynes, Emmons ve Comer (1994) tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin, akademik odak, başarı motivasyonu, okul yönetimi ilgi ve hassasiyeti, işbirlikli karar verme, ebeveyn katılımı, okul binası, okul-toplum ilişkisi ve öğrenci-öğretmen ilişkisi olmak üzere sekiz alt boyutu bulunmaktadır. Araştırmada, çocuğu farklı kademelerde (İlkokul: 134, Ortaokul: 116, Lise: 21) eğitim gören 276 (194K, 82E) ebeveynden veri toplanmıştır. Katılımcılara Ebeveyn Okul İklimi Ölçeği ve Kişisel bilgi formu uygulanmıştır. Analizlerde ölçeğin faktör yapısını test etmek için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, güvenirliği için Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ölçeğin 41 maddesi için sekiz faktörlü olarak tanımlanan orijinal modele ait uygunluk istatistiklerinin uyum indekslerine göre kabul edilebilir aralıkta olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin tamamı için Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı .91 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular ölçeğin Türkçe formunun sekiz faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olduğunu ve yeterli düzeyde iç tutarlığa sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Ebeveyn Okul İklimi Ölçeği puanlarının cinsiyet değişkenine göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek amacıyla Çoklu Varyans Analizi (MANOVA) uygulanmıştır. MANOVA testi sonucunda, gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Erkek ebeveynlerin Ebeveyn Okul İklimi Ölçeği ortalama puanı kadın ebeveynlerden anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu bulgular, Ebeveyn Okul İklimi Ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun sekiz faktörlü bir yapıya sahip, geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu destekler nitelikte bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ebeveyn okul iklimi ölçeği, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, güvenirlik

Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Parent School Climate Survey and Measuring of Parents’ Perceptions of School Climate by Gender

The study investigated the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Parent School Climate Survey. The survey was developed by Haynes, Emmons and Comer (1994) to measure the school adaptation and the quality of student-adult relationship. The scale consists of eight sub-dimensions: academic focus, achievement motivation, attention and sensitivity of school director, collaborative decision-making, parent participation, school building, school-community relationship, and student-teacher relationship. The data were collected from 276 parents (194F, 82M) whose children were receiving education at different grades (elementary school: 134, secondary school: 116, high school: 21). The Parent School Climate Survey and an information sheet were applied to the participants. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated to test the scale’s factor structure and internal consistency estimate of reliability. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that fit statistics for the eight-factor model with 41 items were acceptable according to the fit indices. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was .91. The results indicated that this Turkish form of the scale had an eight-factor structure with adequate internal consistency. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to find out whether the scores on the Parent School Climate Survey differed significantly according to the gender variable. MANOVA results showed a statistically significant difference between the groups. Male parents scored significantly higher than female parents did on the Parent School Climate Survey. The results confirmed the Turkish version of the Parent School Climate Survey as a valid and reliable scale with an eight-factor structure.

Keywords:

Parent school climate survey, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability,

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