Yenilenebilir Enerji Üretimini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Analizi: Türkiye Örneği

Yaşanan iklim değişikliği sorunu, temiz enerji ve enerji verimliliğinin küresel düzeyde önemini arttırmıştır. Bu nedenle politika yapıcılar, bugün dünya için büyük bir tehdit oluşturan sera gazı salınımı sorunuyla mücadele etmek için yenilenebilir enerji uygulamasını ve üretimini geliştirmeyi kritik bir konu haline getirdiler. Bu çalışmada, 1990’dan 2021’e kadar Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji üretimini etkileyen faktörleri incelemek için Otoregresif Dağıtılmış Gecikme (ARDL) Modeli kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmanın güvenilirliği için ayrıca Tam Modifiye Edilmiş Sıradan En Küçük Kare (FMOLS), Dinamik Sıradan En Küçük Kare (DOLS) ve Kanonik Eşbütünleşik Regresyon (CCR) tahmincileri ve göstergeler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini görmek için Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, ekonomik büyüme ile yenilenebilir enerji üretimi arasında pozitif bir korelasyon olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, araştırma ve geliştirme faaliyetlerindeki artışın ve finansal gelişmişliğin yenilenebilir enerjiye geçiş üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak çalışmada, doğrudan yabancı yatırım girişlerinin Türkiye’deki yenilenebilir enerjinin potansiyelini engellediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ekonomik Büyüme, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım, Finansal Gelişme, Ar-Ge, Yenilenebilir enerji üretimi

Determinants of Renewable Energy Production: The Case of Turkey

The problem of climate change has increased the importance of clean energy and energy efficiency at the global level. Therefore, policymakers have made it a critical issue to improve renewable energy implementation and generation to combat the problem of greenhouse gas emissions, which pose a major threat to the world today. In this study, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model is used to examine the factors affecting renewable energy generation in Turkey from 1990 to 2021. Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Canonical Co-integration Regression (CCR) estimators are also used for the robustness of the study and Toda-Yamamoto causality method is used to see the causal relationship between the indicators. The findings of the study show that there is a positive correlation between economic growth and renewable energy production. Moreover, the increase in research and development activities and financial development are found to have a positive impact on the transition to renewable energy. Finally, the study finds that foreign direct investment inflows hinder the potential of Turkey’s renewable energy sector.

Keywords:

Economic Growth, Foreign Direct Investment, Research and Development, Financial Development, Renewable Energy,

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