Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde Depolanmış Yonca Tohumlarında Yonca Tohum KalsidiBruchophagusroddiGussakovskiy, 1933 (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae)’in Zararı ve Bulaşma Oranlarının Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışma Yonca tohum kalsiti Bruchophagus roddi Gussakovskiy, 1933 (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae)’nin bulaşma oranları ve zararını belirlemek amacıyla, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında Iğdır, Kars ve Van illerinde 22 farklı yerde yerde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmalarda ortalama 100 g ağırlığında ticari ve çiftçilerden 230 tohumluk yonca toplanmıştır. Toplanan tohumlar 25±1°C sıcaklıkta ve 65±5% nem ortamında laboratuvarda kültüre alınmıştır. Her bir örnekte ergin çıkışları gözlemlenmiş, bulaşma ve zarar oranlarını belirlemek amacıyla tohumlar tartılarak sayılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, toplanan örneklerin % 94.8’nin bulaşık olduğu belirlenmiş ve ortalama 17 060.54 tohum örneğininin %0.25 oranında zarar gördüğü ve %0.09 ağırlık kaybına uğradığı bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Depolanmış yonca tohumu, Bruchophagus roddi, bulaşma ve zarar oranları Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi, Türkiye

The Determination of Infection and Damage Rates of the Alfalfa Seed Chalcid, Bruchophagus roddi Gussakovskiy, 1933 (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) in Alfalfa Seed Stored in the Eastern Region of Turkey

This study was conducted to determine the infection and damage rates of the alfalfa seed chalcid, Bruchophagus roddi Gussakovskiy, 1933 (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) in alfalfa seeds stored at 22 locations in Iğdır, Kars and Van provinces of the Eastern Anatolia region in 2013-2014 years. In the study carried out for the frst time in Turkey, the total 230 samples were collected in the average amount of 100 g from commercial and domestic alfalfa seeds for each location. These seeds were cultivated at 25±1°C and 65±5% RH in the laboratory. With the aim of determining the infection and damage rates, the adult insects emerging, the damaged and non-damaged seeds were counted and weighed for each sample. Consequently, it was determined that 94.8% of those samples collected for the study were infected with B. roddi and average 17 060.54 seeds in those samples were damaged at the rate of 0.25% and the infection caused the weight loss of 0.09%.

Keywords:

Stored of alfalfa seeds Bruchophagus roddi, infection and damage rates, Eastern Region, Turkey,

PDF

___

Carrillo SJL, Dickason EA, 1963. Biology and economic importance of seed chalcids infesting red clover and alfalfa in Oregon. Technical Bulletin. Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station. No 68:1-35.
De Barro J, 2001. Evaluating and managing lucerne seed wasp in lucerne seed crops. RIRDC Publication, no.1/136. Elçi Ş,
Kolsarıcı Ö and Geçit HH, 1994. Tarla Bitkileri, 2. Baskı, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 1385, Ders Kitabı: 399, Ankara
Hanson CH, 1962. Report of the eighteenth alfalfa improvement conference, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Crops Research DivisionJune 25-28, Davis, California, p 103.
Manga Ü, Acar Z, Ayan Ü, 1995. Baklagil Yem Bitkileri. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fak. Ders Notu No: 7.
Nielson MW, 1976. Diapause in the alfalfa seed chalcid, Bruchophagus roddi (Gussakovsky), in relation to natural photoperiod. Environmental Entomology, 5: 123–127.
Nielson MW and Lehman WF, 1980. Breeding approaches in alfalfa. In: Breeding Plants Resistant to Insects, F.G. Maxwell and P.R. Jennings, eds. 683 pp.
Peterson SS, Wedberg JL and Hogg DB, 1991. Postdiapause development and phenology of the trefoil seed chalcid (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) and its parasitoids. Environmental Entomology, 20: 1606–1611.
Soroka JJ, and Spurr DT, 1998. Geographic incidence and damage levels of alfalfa seed chalcid, Bruchophagus roddi (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), in Saskatchewan, and its relationship to weather and agronomic variables and production practices. The Canadian Entomologist, 130: 1–11.
Soroka,JJ and Otani JK, (2011). “Arthropods of Legume Forage Crops.”, in Floate, K.D. (ed.) - Arthropods of Canadian Grasslands. Vol. 2: Inhabitants of a Changing Landscape, Biological Survey of Canada (BSC), Chapter 10, pp. 239- 264.
Sorenson CJ, 1930. The alfalfa seed chalcis-ﬂy in Utah 1926-29, inclusive. Utah Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 218: 33 pp.
Tamer A, Aydemir M, Has A, 1997. Ankara ve Konya illerinde korunga ve yonca da görülen zararlı ve faydalı böcekler üzerinde faunistik çalışmalar .Bitki Koruma Bülteni ,37(3- 4) : 125-161.
Tuatay N, Kalkandelen A and Aysev N, 1972. Nebat Koruma Müzesi Böcek Kataloğu (1961 – 1971). Yenigün Matbaası, Ankara, 119 pp. (In Turkish).
TUIK, 2014. Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. www.tuik.gov.tr. Access to:24.09.2014