NIETZSCHE’S HISTORICAL CONFRONTATION WITH HEGEL: ‘THE END OF HISTORY’?

Hegel’den sonraki iki yüzyıllık dönemde yaşanan olaylar, düşünürün “tarihin sonu” kuramına ait olan önemli bir unsurda zıtlıklar ve şüpheci yaklaşımların ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Bu, Hegel’in “tarihte ilerleme” iddiasını nihilizme dönüştürerek tamamen tersine çevirir: “Batı’nın” “üstünlüğü” değerleri Nietzsche tarafından bütünüyle değersiz hale dönüştürülar. Böyle bir tarih anlayışına sahip çıkmak ancak çağdaş insanın küresel dünyadaki ilişkilerde yaşadığı büyük sıkıntıyı gizlemeye yarar. Hegel’ci tarihselcilik (anlayışı) ile çerçevesindeki modern ideolojiler artık kullanılmayan, yarıltıcı ideolojiler. Bugün, günümüzün süregiden tahrip edici ve yıpratıcı faaliyetlerinin esas kaynağı olarak görülmektedirler. Bunlar, nihilizmin arsız tohumlarıdır. Nietzsche, “kesin dönüşün tarihsel bilinci” ile modern nihilist eğilimleri ortadan kaldırmaya çalışır. Kötü niyetli Batılı modern “tarihin sonu” görüsüne son verecek, hayata yeniden anlamlı bir canlılık kazandıracak, yaratıcı ve özgürleştirici yeni bir tarih anlayışının ortaya çıkacağı söylenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Son, tarih, ilerleme, sonsuz (ebedi) dönüşüm, modern

NIETZSCHE’S HISTORICAL CONFRONTATION WITH HEGEL: ‘THE END OF HISTORY’?

The events two-full centuries after Hegel have brought one essential element of his “end of history” into extreme doubt and contradiction. It completely overturns the claim of “progress in history,” to one ending in nihilism: the values of ‘superiority’ of the ‘West’ are capsized into sheer devaluation by Nietzsche. Any claim of progress to a culmination of history only hides the extreme malaise of contemporary man in global affairs. Modern ideologies, enframed within Hegelian historicism, are illusory and no longer admireable practices. They are now seen as major sources of the on-going destructive and denigrating activities of the present-day. They are the encroaching seeds of nihilism. Nietzsche, through the historical consciousness of “eternal return,” seeks to overcome the modern nihilistic tendencies. A new creative and liberating form of history is affirmed that reinvigorates a meaningful vitality back into life, which “ends” the malignant modern Western view of the “end of history” through progress.

Keywords:

End, history, progress, eternal return, modern,

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