ALMANYA'DA POPÜLİST ALTERNATİF: DIE LINKE ÖRNEĞİ

2007 – 2008 finansallaşmış kapitalist krizin patlak vermesinin ardından Avrupa’da ulusal hükümetlerin kemer sıkmaya yönelmesi, ağır sosyal sonuçlara yol açmıştır. Bu durum, birçok ülkede siyasi memnuniyetsizliği tetikleyerek güçlü radikal partilerin ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Ne var ki kemer sıkma çağında radikal aktörlerin eş zamanlı yükselişine rağmen siyasal partiler çalışmalarında radikal sol partilerin atılımı büyük oranda göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu boşluğun doldurulması için makalede, Almanya’da Die Linke örneklemi üzerinden radikal solun evrimi, yapısal politik ekonomik ve politik kurumsal koşullar, toplumsal protesto dinamikleri ve toplumsal hareketlilik açısından analiz edilmektedir. Die Linke’nin yükselişinde ülkede sosyal adalet talebinin temel temsilcisi haline gelerek parti sisteminde SPD’nin geleneksel olarak işgal ettiği yere kaymasının kritik bir rol oynadığı savunulmaktadır. Bununla birlikte 2013 sonrasında radikal sağ AfD’nin kamusal söylemi ve parti rekabetini belirleyen konuları tayin etmesiyle birlikte radikal solun atılım dönemi sona ermiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Die Linke, SPD, radikal sol partiler, sosyal demokrasi, popülizm, radikal sağ partiler

THE POPULIST ALTERNATIVE IN GERMANY: THE CASE OF DIE LINKE

Following the outbreak of the financialized capitalist crisis of 2007-2008, the adoption of the austerity by national governments in Europe has led to severe social consequences. This has also triggered political dissatisfaction in many countries, paving the way for the emergence of powerful radical actors. However, despite the simultaneous rise of radical actors in the age of austerity, the breakthrough of radical left parties has been largely ignored in political party studies. In order to fill this gap, the evolution of the German radical left through the case of the Die Linke has been analyzed with regard to structural political economic and political institutional conditions, social protest dynamics, and social mobilization. It is argued that the move of the Die Linke to the place that was traditionally occupied by the SPD through emerging as the main representative of the demand for social justice in the party system has played a critical role in the rise of this party. Nonetheless, following 2013, the radical right’s successful determination of the public discourse and the issues that determined party competition have ended the breakthrough of the radical left.

Keywords:

Die Linke, SPD, radical left parties, social democracy, populism, radical right parties,

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