Torus Palatinus Anomalisinin Kovuklukaya/Sinop İnsan İskeletlerindeki Sıklığı ve Olası Nedenleri

Torus palatinus, sert damağın orta hattında, median sutur boyunca farklı boyut, biçim ve yayılıma sahip olan kemik kabartı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Genetik faktörler sonucunda oluştuğu kabul edilen ve dünya genelindeki dağılımı oldukça farklılık gösteren torus palatinusun eski Anadolu toplumlarındaki sıklığı düşüktür, ancak bu anomalinin sıklığı Kovuklukay a (Boyabat/Sinop, Bizans dönemi) iskelet grubunda yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu araştırmada torus palatinusla sık karşılaşılan Kovuklukaya ören yerinde bu anamolinin rastlanma sıklığının olası nedenleri ele alınmaktadır. Kovuklukaya iskeletlerinde sert damak kemikleri incelenebilen 25 bireyden 15'inde (% 60) torus palatinsun mevcudiyeti saptanmıştır. Aileler ve ikizler üzerinde yürütülen araştırmalar, bu anomalinin gelişiminde genetik faktörlerin etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Toplulukta yoğun bir şekilde karşılaşılan torus palatinus, os acromiale gibi genetik kökenli diğer anomaliler ve iskeletlerin homojen morfolojik özellikleri birlikte değerlendirildiğinde Kovuklukaya iskeletlerinin küçük izole bir topluluğu, belki de büyük bir aileye ait oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Torus palatinusun toplulukta yoğunlaşmasının genetik sürüklenme ve akraba evliliği gibi biyolojik süreçlerden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.

Prevalence of Palatine Torus Among the Kovuklukaya Skeletal Remains and Its Probable Reasons

Palatine torus is described a paramedian bony protuberance of varying size, form and extent, which is situated along the median suture of hard palate. The frequency of palatine torus, which is thought to develop as a result of genetic factors and observed to indicate an irregular distribution all over the world, is considerably low in the ancient populations in Anatolia. However, the frequency of this anomaly in Kovuklukaya (Boyabat, Sinop, early Byzantine period) skeletal remains is observed to be extremely high. Of the 25 complete skeletons available for examination,15 (60%) are observed to have that anomaly. The numbers of slight, moderate, and marked expression of the anomaly cases are 5,4, and 6 individual, respectively. Especially the findings of the researches focused on families and twins are to the effect that the anomaly results from genetic factors. Also, the frequency and excessive expression of palatine torus, when considered together with other anomalies of genetic origin, like os acromiale, and homogenous morphological characteristics of the skeletons lead us to the conclusion that the skeletons of the Kovuklukay a belongs to a small isolated community, and possibly they are of a single and large family. High concentration of the palatine torus among the population might have result from genetic drift and inbreeding.

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