Konferans Salonunda Dağıtık Biliş: Andaş Çeviri Sürecine Yeni Bir Bakış

Dağıtık biliş, bilişsel görevlerin tek bir biyolojik organizmanın kafatası ile sınırlı zihninde gerçekleştirilmesi yerine, bilişin bireysel ve izole zihinden taşarak çevredeki biyolojik/biyolojik olmayan yapılara dağılması/yayılması şeklinde özetlenebilecek bir zihin yaklaşımıdır. Dağıtık biliş, bilgi-işlemsel zihin kuramına tepki olarak ortaya çıkmış; bellek ve dil gibi temel bilişsel yetileri yeniden değerlendirmek için kullanılmış; bilişsel yük boşaltma, geçişken bellek ve tekno-sosyal sistem gibi çeşitli kavramların ortaya çıkmasına öncülük etmiştir. Çeviribilim kapsamında yazılı çeviri, bilgisayar-destekli çeviri, teknik iletişim ve çeviri eğitimi bağlamlarında ele alınan bu araştırma programının, sözlü, özellikle de konferans ortamındaki profesyonel andaş çeviri sürecini daha iyi anlamak ve araştırmak için potansiyel taşıdığı düşünülmektedir. Dağıtık biliş ve dağıtık bilişle kavramsal düzeyde aynı şemsiye altında yer alan yayılmış zihin ve gömülü-bedenlenmiş biliş tezleri, 1990’lardan bu yana zihin felsefesi, bilişsel bilimler ve bilişsel psikoloji içinde varlığını sürdürmektedir. Ancak alan yazınında andaş çeviriyi bu çerçevede sistematik olarak inceleyen bir çalışma mevcut değildir. Bu boşluğu gidermeyi amaçlayan bu kuramsal çalışmada, 1960’lardan bu yana bilgi-işlemsel zihin kuramı ve bilgi işleme yaklaşımı temelinde ve çoğu kez akış şemaları ile modellenen andaş çeviri, dağıtık biliş kapsamında yeniden ele alınmış ve buna uygun bir yaklaşım geliştirilmiştir. Gelecekteki çalışmaların bu yaklaşımı test edecek ve önceki modellerle karşılaştıracak deneysel veriler sunması büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

yayılmış zihin, gömülü-bedenlenmiş biliş, bilişsel yük boşaltma, geçişken bellek, andaş çeviri, bilişsel modelleme, Dağıtık biliş, geçişken bellek, andaş çeviri

Distributed Cognition in the Conference Venue: A Fresh Perspective on the Simultaneous Interpreting Process

Distributed cognition is a cognitive approach that can be summarised as the distribution/extension of cognition onto the biological/nonbiological artefacts in the environment by leaking from the individual and isolated mind rather than cognitive tasks being executed in a mind limited to the skull of a single biological agent. Distributed cognition emerged as a reaction against the computational theory of mind. It has been employed as a framework to re-evaluate fundamental cognitive faculties such as memory and language and has introduced various concepts such as cognitive offloading, transactive memory and techno-social system. This research programme has been applied to translation, computer-assisted translation, technical communication and translation pedagogy within translation studies. It is assumed that distributed cognition has the potential for better comprehending and investigating interpreting, in particular, professional simultaneous interpreting in the conference venue. Distributed cognition has existed within the fields of philosophy of mind, cognitive science and cognitive psychology since the 1990s along with the extended mind and grounded-embodied cognition theses, which are under the same conceptual umbrella with distributed cognition. That said, simultaneous interpreting has yet to be systematically investigated through the lens of distributed cognition. Rather, the process of simultaneous interpreting has been modelled on the basis of the computational theory of mind and information-processing approach using flowcharts since the 1960s. The present study aims to fulfil the gap in the literature by re-evaluating simultaneous interpreting in the framework of distributed cognition and developing an apt approach. It is critical that future studies provide experimental data to test this approach and to compare it with previous models.

Keywords:

distributed cognition, the extended mind, grounded-embodied cognition, cognitive offloading, transactive memory, simultaneous interpreting, cognitive modelling,

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