Gebelik Süresince Uygulanan Oktilfenolün Sıçanlarda İnfantisidal Davranış Üzerindeki Etkileri

İnfantisit, sıçanların da dahil olduğu bir çok hayvan türünde gözlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, 4-tert-oktilfenole OP gebelik döneminde maruz kalmanın erkek ve dişi yavru sıçanlar üzerindeki davranışsal etkileri araştırılmıştır. Gebe sıçanlar, gebeliğin 1-20. günleri süresince 100 mg/kg/gün OP100 ve 250 mg/kg/gün OP250 olmak üzere oktilfenole maruz bırakılmış, kontrol ve yağ kontrol olarak gruplanmıştır. Doğum sonrasında infantisidal davranış OP100 ve OP250 uygulama gruplarında gözlenmiştir. Yavru sıçanlar, OP100 grubunda %47 oranında ve OP250 grubunda %53 oranında yenerek öldürülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, fötal dönemde uygulanan oktilfenolün sıçanlarda olumsuz etkilere neden olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çevresel östrojenler, oktilfenol, infantisit, sıçan

Effects of 4-tert-Octylphenol, during Pregnancy Period, on Infanticidal Behavior in Rats

Infanticide has been observed in numerous animal species, including rats. The present study was carried out to investigate the behavioral effects of 4-tert-Octylphenol OP exposure at fetal period on male and female rat offsprings. Pregnant rats were treated with OP 100 or 250 mg/kg/day in vehicle corn oil or vehicle alone daily from day 1 to day 20 of pregnancy. After birth, infanticidal behavior was observed in 100 mg/kg/ day OP100 and 250 mg/kg/day treatment group OP250 . 47% of live offspring were killed and consumed in OP100 and 53% of live offspring were killed and consumed in OP250. The results of this study suggest that, the octylphenol which was applied in fetal period causes negative effects on the rats.

Keywords:

Environmental estrogens, octylphenol, infanticide, rat,

PDF

___

1. K.J. Lehtinen, J. Tana, Review of endocrine disrupting natural compounds and endocrine effects of pulp and paper mill and municipal sewage effluents, The Finnish Environment 447, Environmental protection, 70 (2001).
2. T. Colborn, F.S. Vom Saal, A.M. Soto, Developmental effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans, Environmental Health Perspectives, 101(1993)378.
3. S.H. Safe, Environmental and dietary estrogens and human health- is there a problem?, Environ. Health Perspect, 103 (1995) 346.
4. J. Toppari, J.C. Larsen, P. Christiansen, A. Giwercman, P. Grandjean, Jr.L.J. Guillette, B. Jégou, T.K. Jensen, P. Jouannet, N. Keiding, H. Leffers, J.A. McLachlan, O. Meyer, J. Müler, E.R. Meyts, T. Scheike, R. Sharpe, J. Sumpter, N.E. Skakkebæk, Male reproductive health and environmental xenoestrogens, Environ. Health Perspect., 104 (1996) 741.
5. M. Aydogan, N. Barlas, Effects of maternal 4-tertOctylphenol exposure on the reproductive tract of male rats at adulthood, Reprod Toxicol., 22 (2006) 455.
6. E. Göktekin, N. Barlas, Histopathological effects of 4-tert-octylphenol treatment through the pregnancy period, on the pituitary, adrenal, pancreas, thyroid and parathyroid glands of offspring rats at adulthood. Environ.Tox. and Pharm, 26 (2008) 199.
7. M. Yoshida, S. Katsuda, A. Takenaka, G. Watanabe, K. Taya, A. Maekawa, Effects of neonatal exposure to a high-dose p-tert-Octylphenol on the male reproductive tract in rats, Toxicology Letters, 121 (2001) 21.
8. D. Roy, M. Palangat, C.-W. Chen, R.D. Thomas, J. Colerangle, A. Atkinson, Z.-J. Yan, Biochemical and molecular changes at the cellular level in response to exposure to environmental estrogen-like chemicals, J. Tox.& Enviro. Health, 50 (1997) 1.
9. J.S. Fisher, K.J. Turner, D. Brown, R.M. Sharpe, Effects of neonatal exposure to estrogenic compounds on development of the excurrent ducts of the rat testis through puberty to adulthood. Environ. Health Perspect., 107 (1999) 397.
10. M.A. Blackburn, M.J. Walddock, Concentrations of alkylphenols in rivers and estuaries in England and Wales, Water Res., 29(1995) 1623.
11. C.A. Blake, F.R. Boockfor, Chronic administration of environmental pollutant 4-tert-octylphenol to adult male rats interferes with the secretion of Luteinizing hormone, Follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and testosterone, Biology of Reproduction, 57 (1997) 255.
12. R.W. Tyl, C.B. Myers, M.C. Marr, D.R. Brine, P.A. Fail, J.C. Seely, J.P. Van Miller, Two-generation reproduction study with para-tert-Octylphenol in rats, Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 30 (2000) 81.
13. M. Jakubowski, J. Terkel, Transition from pup killing to parental behavior in male and virgin female albino rats, Physiol. Behav., 34 (1985) 683.
14. U. Hayes, G.J. De Vries, Role of pregnancy and parturition in induction of maternal behavior in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), Hormones and Behav. 51(2007) 265.
15. M. Novakov, A.S. Fleming, The effects of early rearing environment on the hormonal induction of maternal behavior in virgin rats, Horm. Behav. 48 (2005) 528.
16. A.D. Mayer, J.S. Rosenblatt, Hormonal interaction with stimulus and situational factors in the initiation of maternal behavior in nonpregnant rats, J Comp Physiol Psychol., 94 (1980) 1040.
17. L. Paul, J. Kupferschmidt, Killing of conspecific and mouse young by male rats. Journal of comparative and physiological psychology, 88 (1975) 755.
18. D.T. DeSantis, L.W. Schmaltz, The mother-litter relationship in developmental rat studies: cannibalism vs caring, Dev. Psychobiol., 17 (1984) 255.
19. J.L. Schardein, J.A. Petrere, D.L. Hentz, R.D. Camp, S.M. Kurtz, Cannibalistic traits observed in rats treated with a teratogen, Lab. Anim., 12 (1978) 81.
20. R.D. Reynolds, Preventing maternal cannibalism in rats, Science, 213 (1981) 4512:1146.
21. A. Babicky, V. Novakova, Protein malnutrition of the lactating female rat: effect on maternal behavior and spontaneous weaning of young rats, Physiol Bohemoslov, 35 (1986) 456.
22. J.A. Mennella, H. Moltz, Infanticide in rats: Male strategy and female counter-strategy, Physiol&Behav., 42 (1988) 19.
23. H.F. Helander, A. Bergh, How to avoid maternal cannibalism after neonatal surgery in rats, Experientia., 36 (1980) 1295.
24. Bacon SJ, McClintock MK. 1994. Multiple factors determine the sex ratio of postpartum-conceived Norway rat litters. Physiol Behav. 56(2):359-66.
25. S.J. Bacon, M.K. McClintock, Sex ratio bias in postpartum-conceived Norway rat litters is produced by embryonic loss in midpregnancy, J Reprod Fertil. 117 (1999) 403.
26. W. Lane-Petter, Cannibalism in rats and mice, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 61 (1968) 1295.
27. M. Boas, U. Feldt-Rasmussen, N.E. Skakkebæk, K.M. Main, Environmental chemicals and thyroid function, European Journal of Endocrinology, 154 (2006) 599.
28. B.G. Saruhan, N. Özdemir, Effect of ovariectomy and of estrogen treatment on the adrenal gland and body weight in rats, Saudi Med. J., 26 (2005) 1705.
29. T.J. Rosol, J.T. Yarrington, J. Latendresse, C.C. Capen, Adrenal gland: Structure, function, and mechanism of toxicity, Toxicologic Pathology, 29 (2001) 41.