Pediatrik onkolojide ilaç ekstravazasyonu: Tek merkez deneyimi - özgün araştırma

Amaç: Sitotoksik kemoterapi uygulamalarında ekstravazasyon sıklığı değişkendir. Bu çalışmanın amacı merkezimizde ekstravazasyon sıklığını ve risk faktörlerini tanımlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Pediatrik Onkoloji Bilim Dalı’nda 2004-2007 yılları arasındaki hasta kayıtları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Tanı alan hasta sayısı, ekstravazasyon sayısı, demografik ve klinik özellikleri belirlendi. Bulgular: Merkezimizde pediatrik onkoloji hastalarında kemoterapi ekstravazasyonu insidansı %0.4 bulundu. Ekstravazasyon görülen hastaların %41’i üç yaşından küçüktü. Kemoterapi başlangıcından median 9 hafta sonra ekstravazasyon gözlendi. Ekstravazasyonların %77’si poliklinik koşullarında ve %59’u haftada bir tedavi alan grupta idi. En sık vinka alkaloidleri, aktinomisin ve adriamisin kaçışı saptandı. Sonuç: Sitotoksik kemoterapi ekstravazasyon sıklığı literatürle benzerdir. Daha küçük çocuklarda ve daha sık kemoterapi alanlarda risk daha yüksektir

Drug extravasation in pediatric oncology: Single center experience

Aim: The frequency of cytotoxic chemotherapy extravasation is uncertain. The aim of this study was to determine extravasation frequency and to verify the risk factors in our center. Materials and Methods: Hospital records of pediatric oncology patients at Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Oncology between 2004-2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Number of the cases with chemotherapy extravasation, diagnosis, demographic and clinical features were recorded.Results: The incidence of cytotoxic drug extravasation in pediatric oncology cases was 0.4%. Forty-one percent of extravasations were observed in patients under 3 years The median extravasation time was 9th week of the chemotherapy. Most of the extravasation injuries were seen in outpatient clinic (77%) and mainly in cases who were having therapy weekly (59%). The most frequent site of extravasation was dorsal hand (82%). Causative drugs were vinca alkaloids, doxorubicin and dactinomycin. Conclusion: The incidence of chemotherapy induced extravasations were similar with literature. Young age and weekly chemotherapy were major risk factors in pediatric oncology cases.

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