Dünya’da Meydana Gelen Afetlerin İstatistiksel Olarak Analizi (1900-2022)

Afetler, doğası gereği ne zaman ve nerede meydana geleceği öngörülemeyen, özellikle toplumun savunma mekanizmalarının başarısız olduğu durumlardır. Küresel olarak iklim değişikliği ile birlikte afetlerin sıklığının arttığı, ortalama her gün en az bir afetin yaşandığı ve yaşanan bu afetlerden çok sayıda insanın etkilendiği belirtilmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada; 1900-2022 yılları arasında dünyada meydana gelen afetlerin yıllara, kıtalara, ülkelere ve afetlerin türlerine göre dağılımlarının incelenmesi, afetlerin sıklıklarına (Zamansal-Kıtasal, Ülkesel) neden olan durumların değerlendirilmesi ve bu veriler doğrultusunda bilimsel açıdan çözümcül önerilerinin sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, özellikle 2000’li yılların başından itibaren afetlerin sıklığının arttığı görülmüş olup bu durumun nedenlerinden birisinin literatür desteği ile birlikte iklim değişikliğinin olumsuz sonuçlarıyla ilişkilendirilmesi sağlanmıştır. Temel afet grupları açısından doğa kaynaklı afetlerin daha fazla yaşandığı tespit edilmiştir. Afetlerin en fazla Asya kıtasında yaşandığı, bunu Amerika ve Afrika Kıtalarının takip ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; iklim değişikliğinin olumsuz sonuçlarıyla mücadele edilmesinin, afetlere hazırlanmada davranışa dönüşecek eğitim faaliyetlerinin yürütülmesinin, planlamaların afet türleri ile mekansal durum dikkate alınarak yapılmasının ve afetlere hazırlanmada toplumsal uyumun sağlanmasının gelecekte yaşanabilecek afetlerin sıklığının yıllar, kıtalar ve ülkeler bazında azalmasında etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Afetler, Deprem, Doğa Kaynaklı Afetler, Dünya’da Yaşanan Afetler

Statistical Analysis of Disasters in the World (1900-2022)

Disasters are situations that cannot be predicted when and where they will occur due to their nature, especially when the defense mechanisms of the society fail. It is stated that the frequency of disasters has increased with climate change globally, at least one disaster is experienced every day on average and many people are affected by these disasters. In this study carried out; It is aimed to examine the distribution of disasters that occurred in the world between 1900-2022 according to years, continents, countries and types of disasters, evaluate the situations that cause the frequency of disasters (Temporary-Continental, Territorial) and present scientific solutions in line with these data. In the study, it has been observed that the frequency of disasters has increased especially since the beginning of the 2000s, and it was ensured that one of the reasons for this situation was associated with the negative consequences of climate change with the support of the literature. It has been determined that natural disasters are experienced more in terms of basic disaster groups. It has been determined that disasters are mostly experienced in the Asian continent, followed by the Americas and African Continents. As a result; It is thought that combating the negative consequences of climate change, carrying out educational activities that will turn into behaviors in preparing for disasters, planning by considering disaster types and spatial situation, and ensuring social cohesion in preparing for disasters may be effective in reducing the frequency of future disasters on the basis of years, continents and countries.

Keywords:

Disasters, Earthquakes, Natural Disasters, Disasters in the World,

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