Karasal ekosistemde karbon yöetimi ve önemi

Son yıllarda yapılan çalısmalar, toprak karbon stoklarındaki hızlı oksidasyonun çevrede özellikle atmosferin kimyasında önemli degismelere neden oldugunu ortaya koymustur. Atmosferdeki sera gazlarından özellikle CO2’nin miktarındaki artıs, iklimi, bitkilerin fizyolojisini, topragın mikrobiyal aktivitesini ve organik maddenin olusumunu ve parçalanmasını önemli ölçüde etkiler. Topraklar atmosferdeki karbon için bir depo olabilecegi gibi kaynak da olabilir. Bir ekosistemde toprakta depolanan veya topraktan atmosfere salınan C miktarı, net ekosistem üretimi ile ekosistemden atmosfere salınan toplam hetetrofik solunuma baglıdır. Arazi kullanımına baglı olarak yogun toprak isleme, topraktaki organik C’un hızla oksidasyonuna neden olarak toprakların atmosferdeki CO2 için bir kaynak olmasına neden olur. Toprakların yıllardır yapılan geleneksel toprak isleme sonucu baslangıç karbonunun yaklasık % 50’si kaybolmus bulunmaktadır. Minimum sürüm ve sürümsüz tarım teknikleri organik karbonun oksidasyonunu azaltarak topragın net C kazanımına neden olur. Böylece çesitli yollarla atmosfere salınmıs olan C’nin yeniden toprakta depolanması saglanabilir. Yüksek organik karbon aynı zamanda topragın kalitesi ve verimligini de artırır. Böylece topraklar atmosferdeki karbonun depolanması için iyi bir kaynak görevi görür.

Carbon management and importance in terrestrial ecosystem

Recently, researchers indicated great changes in the chemistry of atmosphere due to faster oxidation of soil organic carbon. The increases of greenhouse gasses especially CO2 concentration can affect climate, plant physiology, microbial activity, soil organic matter, and decomposition. Soil can be a store or source for atmospheric CO2. The amount of soil organic carbon stored in the soil or release to the atmosphere depends on net ecosystem productivity and heterotrophic respiration. Soil management systems with intensive cultivation may stimulate oxidation of old organic matter, and create the soil a source of atmospheric CO2. Similarly, almost lost 50% of organic carbon was lost due to conventional tillage systems and cultivation. Minimum tillage and no-till practices reduce oxidation of soil organic carbon and result net C gain. Thus, atmospheric CO2 can be stored in soils using these management systems. The greater level of soil organic carbon can also increase soil quality and fertility. This indicates our soils can be a greater potential to store atmospheric CO2.

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Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi-Cover

ISSN: 1300-2910
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
Başlangıç: 1985
Yayıncı: Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Yayın Ofisi