Türkiye’de Gelir Dağılımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de gelir dağılımının çevre kirliliği üzerindeki etkilerinin 1990-2015 gözlem aralığı için incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, reel milli gelir, enerji yoğunluğu, gelir eşitsizliği ve karbondioksit emisyonu arasındaki ilişki ARDL sınır testi ve bootstrap nedensellik testi aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, sırasıyla sanayi sektörü, imalat sektörü ve hizmet sektörü katma değerlerinin çevre kirliliği üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla da üç farklı ampirik model oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre milli gelirdeki ve enerji yoğunluğundaki artışın hem kısa dönemde hem de uzun dönemde çevre kirliliğini arttırdığı görülmektedir. Gelir eşitsizliğindeki artışın ise kısa dönemde çevresel kaliteyi bozmasına rağmen uzun dönemde çevre kirliliğini azalttığı bulgularına ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, sanayi sektörü katma değerindeki artışın çevre kirliliğini arttırdığı buna karşın hizmet sektörü katma değerindeki artışın çevre kirliliğini azalttığı yönünde bulgulara ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gelir dağılımı, Çevre kirliliği, Ekonomik büyüme

An Investigation on the Impact of Income Distribution on Environmental Pollution

This paper aims to examine the impact of income distribution on environmental pollution for the period of 1990-2015 in Turkey. For this purpose, the relationship between real income, energy intensity, income inequality and carbon dioxide emissions are investigated with ARDL bound test and bootstrap causality method. In addition, three empirical model are constructed to observe the relative effects of the value added of industry sector, manufacturing sector and service sector on environmental pollution. The results reveal that increasing income level and energy intensity increases environmental pollution both for the short and the long-run. In addition, it is concluded that increasing income inequality deteriorates the environmental quality in the short-run while inequality reduces the environmental pollution in the long-run. Moreover, increasing industrial value-added increases carbon dioxide emissions while increasing the value added of service sector reduces the pollution.

Keywords:

Income Distribution, Environmental Pollution, Economic Growth,

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