ATIK MUTFAK YAĞLARININ ALTERNATİF DİZEL YAKITI OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Restaurant ve evsel atık yağları, yağ asidi esterlerine dönüştürülmek suretiyle alternatif bir dizel yakıtı olarak dizel motorlarında kullanımı, hem insan sağlığı hem de çevresel açıdan önemli bir avantajdır. Şimdiye kadar Türkiye’de bu yağların sadece küçük bir yüzdesi toplanarak sabun üretiminde kullanılmıştır. Atık mutfak yağlarının, dizel motorlarında herhangi bir değişiklik yapılmadan kullanılabilmesi için motorine yakın değerlere sahip bir yakıta dönüştürülmesi gerekmektedir. Dönüştürülme işleminde en genel kullanılan metot transesterifikasyon reaksiyonudur. Atık mutfak yağlarının transesterifikasyon reaksiyonu; serbest yağ asidi oranı ve su içeriği, kullanılan alkolün kimyasal yapısı, katalizör tipi, reaksiyon sıcaklığı ve reaksiyon süresi gibi fonksiyonlardan etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmada atık mutfak yağlarının yağ asidi esterlerine dönüştürülerek alternatif dizel yakıtı olarak kullanabilirliği incelenmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Atık mutfak yağları, transesterifikasyon , biyodizel

EVALUATING WASTE COOKING OILS AS ALTERNATIVE DIESEL FUEL

ABSTRACTConverting waste cooking oils from restaurants and households to fatty acid esters for use as an alternative diesel fuel has important advantages for human health and environmental standpoints. So far, only very small percentage of these oils have been collected and used for soap production in Turkey. Using waste cooking oils in diesel engines without any modification necessities the fuel properties must be similar with those of petroleum diesel fuel. This requires a chemical process to be meeting the diesel fuel’s properties. In converting process, the method commonly used is transesterification. The transesterification reaction of waste cooking oils is affected by free fatty acids and water content of oils and fats, chemical structure of alcohol, type of catalyst, reaction temperature and reaction time. In this paper, utilization of fatty acid esters of waste cooking oils is discussed as an alternative diesel fuel.

Keywords:

Keywords: Waste cooking oils, transesterification, biodiesel,

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