Lazer kırınım yöntemiyle zeminlerin tane büyüklüğü dağılımının belirlenmesi:Genel ilkeler ve örnek hazırlama yöntemi

Bu çalışmada, lazer kırınım yönteminin genel ilkeleri ve bu yöntemle zeminlerin tane büyüklüğü dağılımının belirlenmesinde dikkat edilmesi gereken konular ele alınmış ve örnek alma yöntemi, sonuçların tekrarlanabilirliği ve analizlerde çeşme suyunun kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Lazer kırınım analizlerinde 0.1 – 0.5 g arasında değişen çok az bir örnek yeterli olmaktadır. Ancak, bu kadar az bir örneğin bütünü temsil edecek şekilde alınması veya azaltılması için uygulanan standart bir yöntem henüz bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, örnek alınması için bir yöntem önerilmiş ve bu yöntemin uygulanabilirliği tartışılmıştır. Önerilen yönteme göre alınan örneklerin d10, d50 ve d90 parametrelerinin değişim katsayıları hesaplanıp ISO 13320’de belirtilen üst sınır değerlerle karşılaştırılmış ve önerilen yöntemin uygulanabilir olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Önerilen yöntemin herhangi bir cihaz gerektirmeden basit araç gereçlerle uygulanabilmesi gibi avantajları da bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, lazer kırınım analizlerinde damıtık su, havası alınmış damıtık su, çeşme suyu ve havası alınmış çeşme suyu kullanılmasının analiz sonuçları üzerindeki etkisi de araştırılmıştır. Sonuçta, lazer kırınım analizlerinde çeşme suyu kullanılmasının bir sakıncasının olmadığı ortaya konulmuştur.

Determination of soil particle size Distribution using laser diffraction method: General principles and sampling method

In this study, general principles of laser diffraction method and important subjects for the determination of soil particle size distribution by this method are considered, and sampling method, repeatability of results and suitability of tap water in the analysis are investigated. In the laser diffraction analysis 0.1 – 0.5 g sample is adequate. However there is no standard sampling method for taking 0.1 – 0.5 g sample which is representative of the whole sample. In this study a sampling method was proposed and its practicability was discussed. Coefficients of variation of d10, d50 and d90 parameters of samples taken according to proposed method are calculated and compared with upper limit values defined in ISO 13320, and has been shown that suitability of proposed method. Proposed method has advantages also which can be applied simple tools and apparatus without using special devices. In addition to this, effect of water characteristics (air free, purified, tap water and air free tap water) on the laser diffraction analyses results was also investigated. In conclusion, it is found out that there is no drawback in utilizing of tap water in laser diffraction analysis.

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