Tolgahan KAYA, Osman Akın KUTLAR, Özgür Oğuz TAŞKIRAN

Kanoladan elde edilen biyodizelin performansa, emisyonlara ve yanma karakteristiğine etkilerinin NEDC ve sabit seyir hızlarında incelenmesi

Bu çalışmada EURO 5 emisyon standartlarını sağlayan 1,5 litrelik dizel motora sahip Ford Fiesta üzerinde biyodizelin emisyonlara, performansa ve yanma karakteristiğine olan etkilerini incelemek için şasi dinaomometresinde deneyler yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında kanola yağından elde edilen biyodizel ile harmanlanmış 4 farklı yakıt ve saf biyodizel kullanılmıştır. Deneyler esnasında egzoz emisyonları, araç üstü hata denetleme portu üzerinden motor sensor verileri, motorun ikinci silindirinden silindir içi basınç ve enjektör akım sinyali bilgileri sürekli olarak ölçülmüştür. Biyodizelin yanma karakteristiği üzerindeki etkisini inceleyebilmek için indikatör diagramı kullanılarak ısı yayılım oranı, silindir içi ortalama sıcaklık, yanma başlangıç zamanı, tutuşma gecikmesi ve yanma süresi hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre biyodizel katkılı yakıt saf dizele göre daha düşük sıcaklık ve basınç altında tutuşmaya başladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Dizele biyodizel eklenmesi yanma tutuşma gecikmesini azaltmış ve püskürtülen yakıtın daha erken yanmasına sebep olmuştur. Ek olarak biyodizel katkısı HC, CO ve kurum emisyonlarını iyileştirmiştir, ancak düşük ısıl değeri nedeniyle yakıt tüketiminin artmasına neden olmuştur. Ayrıca artan biyodizel miktarı ile NOx emisyonlarında artış gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

biyodizel, emisyonlar, Tutuşma Gecikmesi, Isı Yayılım Oranı, NEDC

The effects of biodiesel obtained from canola on performance, emissions and combustion characteristics under NEDC and cruise speeds

In this experimental study, the effects of biodiesel on emissions, performance and combustion characteristics on the Ford Fiesta, which provides EURO-5 emission standards with 1.5 liters of diesel engine, were investigated by performing tests on chassis dynamometer. 4 different blends of diesel and biodiesel and pure diesel were used at the experiments. Biodisel used in the experiments were derive from canola oil. The exhaust emissions, engine sensors’ data via the on-board error monitoring port, the in-cylinder pressure and injector current signal of the second cylinder of the engine were continuously measured during the experiments. In order to investigate the effects of biodiesel on the combustion characteristics, the heat release rate, average in-cylinder temperature, start of combustion, ignition delay and combustion duration were calculated by using the indicator diagram. According to the obtained results, biodiesel-added fuel ignites under lower temperature and pressure in-cylinder condition compared to pure diesel. Therefore, addition of biodiesel to diesel reduced ignition delay duration and injected fuel burned faster than diesel fuel. Besides, the biodiesel additive has improved HC, CO and soot emissions, however fuel consumption increased due to biodiesel’s lower calorific values than diesel. Moreover, NOx emissions were also increased with increasing biodiesel blend ratio.

Keywords:

biodiesel, emissions, ignition delay, heat release rate, NEDC,

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