Geometrik yaklaşımla kazanç ve foton çoğalmasının arasındaki açının hesaplanması

Bu çalışmada daha önce tasarımı yapılmış olup doğrusal olmayan optoelektronik geri beslemeli lazer diyot sistemi için Volterra serisi kullanılarak sistem yaklaşımı uygulanmış ve sıfırıncı derece çözümden foton ( $P_o$ ) ve kazanç (g) eşitlikleri elde edilmiştir. Bu eşitliklerden elde edilen eğriler geometrik yaklaşım için kullanılmıştır. Geometrik yaklaşımla kazanç ve foton çoğalması arasındaki ilişki eşik akımına ( $I_{th}$ ) bağlı olarak muhtemel doğrusal bölgeler bulunmuştur. Kazanç ve foton çoğalması arasındaki olabilecek en büyük ve en küçük açı değerleri bulunmuş ve bu değerlere karşılık gelen $I_{th}$ oranı, en iyi doğrusal bölge, doğrusal olarak kullanılabilecek en büyük $I_{th}$ oranı ve doyum noktasının başladığı $I_{th}$ akım değeri tespit edilmiştir.

The computation of the angle between the gain and photon population by geometrical approach

In this study, system approach is applied by Volterra series for the previously designed non-linear optoelectronic feedback laser diode system. Photon ($P_o$) and gain (g) equalities are obtained from zero order solution and are used for the geometrical approach. The relation between gain and photon population is determined according to threshold current ($I_{th}$) for possible linear regions. The maximum and minimum angle and the corresponding $I_{th}$ ratio values are computed. The optimum linear region, maximum $I_{th}$ ratio for linear usage and the corresponding $I_{th}$ value where the saturation point begins are also determined.

PDF

___

1. Schetzen, M., Yildirim, R. “System theory of the single-mode laser-diode” Opt. Commun, 219 pp341-350., 2003.
2. Yildirim, R., Schetzen, M. “Application of the Single–mode Laser Diode System Theory” Opt. Commun, 219 pp351-355., 2003.
3. Aydın, E and Yıldırım, R “Optimizing the Performance of Single-mode Laser Diode System Using Genetic Algorithm” Optics and Laser in Eng.42 July pp41-46., 2004.
4. Çelebi, F.V., Yıldırım, R., “Distortion System Theory of The Two Tone Small Signal Input Laser Diode” J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ. Vol 20, No 3, pp373-377., 2005.
5. Yıldırım, R., “Intermodulation Distortion System Theory of the Three-Tone Small Signal Input Laser Diode with Non-Linear Optoelectronic Feedback” J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ. Vol 22, No 2, pp417-430, 2007.
6. Schetzen,M.,Yıldırım,R.,Çelebi,F.V. “Intermodulation distortion of the single-mode laser-diode” Appl Phys B, Lasers and Optics, Vol. 93, Issue: 4 pp837-847., 2008.
7. Loiko, N.A. and Samson, A.M., " Posible Regimes of Generation of a Semiconductor Laser with a Delayed Optoelectronic Feedback" Optics Comm. Vol. 93 pp 66- 72 Sept. 1992.
8. Abarbanel, H.D.I., Kennel,M.B.,Illing,I., Chen, H., Fand J.M. Liu.," Synchronization and Communication Using Semiconductor Lasers with Optoelectronic Feedback" IEEE J.QE. Vol:37, pp 1301- 1311, Oct. 2001.
9. Tabatabai,Farbot., and Al-Raweshidy, Hamed S., “Feedforward Linearization Technique for Reducing Nonlinearity in Semiconductor Optical Amplifier” J. Lightwave Tech., Vol. 25, No. 9, September 2007.
10. Lee, Sang-Hoon., Kang, Jeung-Mo., Choi, In- Hyuk., and Han, Sang-Kook.., “Linearization of DFB Laser Diode by External Light-Injected Cross-Gain Modulation for Radio-Over-Fiber Link”, IEEE Photon. Technol. Let, Vol.18, No.14, July 15 pp1545, 2006.
11. Lim Won-ki Sung, Sang-hoon Lee duk-gyu., Lim, Hae-jin And Han, Sang-kook., “Feedback harmonic injection technique for reduction of Third intermodulation distortion in radio-overfiber Link” Microwave and Optical Tech. Letters Vol. 48, No. 10, October doi 10.1002 mop, 2006.
12. Choi, In-hyuk., Lee, Sang-hoon., Kwon, Hyuk- Choon., Choi, Young-wan and Han, Sang-kook “Compensation of Intermodulation distortion of Laser diode by using Optoelectronically Predistorted signals” Microwave And Optical Technology Letters Vol. 48, No. 6, June 2006.
13. Iiyama,Koichi., Okamoto, Takuya. and Takamiya, Saburo., “Linearizing Optical Frequency Sweep of a Laser Diode by Injection Current Modulation with a Rectangular-Signal- Superimposed Triangular Signal for FMCW Reflectometry” Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part 2, Vol. 81, No. 10, 1998 Translated from Denshi Joho Tsushin Gakkai Ronbunshi, Vol. J81-C-I, No. 2, February, pp 74-80, 1998.
14. Hong M.K, Han S.K., “All optical linearization technique of DFB-LD based on optical injection locking for RF system “ Microwave And Opt,cal Technology Letters Vol. 49 Issue: 10 Pages:2403-2406,Oct, 2007.
15. Hsu,D. Z., Lee,S., Gong, L. P. M., Lin, Y. M. S. W. Lee, and M. C. Yuang., “High-efficiency wide-band SOA-based wavelength converters by using dual-pumped four-wave mixing and an assist beam” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 1903–1905, Aug. 2004.
16. Roselli,L., Borgioni,V., Zepparelli, F., Ambrosi, F., Comez, M.., Faccin, P. and Casini, A. “Analog laser predistortion for multiservice radio-over fiber systems” J. Lightwave Tech., Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 1211–1223, May 2003.
17. Kenington,P. B. High-Linearity RF Amplifier Design, Norwood, MA,Artech House, 2000.
18. Tanaka, S. Taguchi, N., Kimura, T. and Atsumi, Y., “A predistortion type equi-path linearizer designed for radio-on-fiber system” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol.54, No.2, pp 938– 944, Feb. 2006.
19. Çoskun, A. H. and Demir, S., “A mathematical characterization and analysis of a feedforward circuit for CDMA applications” IEEE Trans. Microw.Theory Tech., Vol. 51, No. 3, pp767– 777, Mar. 2003.
20. Lau, K. Y. and Yariv, A., “Intermodulation distortion in a directly modulated semiconductor injection laser” Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 45, No.10, pp1034–1036, Nov. 1984.
21. Jung, H. D. and Han, S. K. “Nonlinear distortion suppression in directly modulated DFB-LD by dual-parallel modulation” IEEE Photon.Technol. Lett., Vol. 14, No. 7, pp 980– 982, Jul. 2002.
22. Jeon, D. H.., Jung,H. D. and Han, S. K. “Mitigation of dispersion-induced effects using SOA in analog optical transmission” IEEE Photon.Technol. Lett., Vol. 14, No.8, pp 1166– 1168, Aug. 2002.
23. Ismail,T. Liu,C. P., Mitchell, J. E. and Seeds, A. J. “Interchannel distortion suppression for broadband wireless over fibre transmission using feed-forward linearized DFB laser” IEEE Int. Topical Meeting Microwave Photonics, Vol. TE-2, pp. 229–232, 2004.
24. Lidgard, A. and. Olsson, N. A., “Generation and cancellation of secondorder harmonic distortion in analog optical systems by interferometric FMAM conversion” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., Vol. 2, No. 7, pp. 519–521, Jul. 1990.
25. Meng,X. J., Chau, T. and Wu, M. C., “Improved intrinsic dynamic distortions in directly modulated semiconductor lasers by optical injection locking,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol.47, No. 7, pp 1172–1176, Jul. 1999.
26. Tang, P.K., Ong, L.C., Luo,B., Alphones, A. and Fujise, M. ”Transmission of multiple wireless standards over a radio-over-fiber network” IEEE MTT-S Digest 3, 2051–2054, 2004.
27. Lee,S.H., Kang,S.H., Won,J.M., Kwon,Y.Y., H.C and Han, S.K., “Linearization of RF optical source by using light-injected gain modulation” Int Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics TP-37 265–268. 2005.
28. Aitchison, C.S., Mbabele, C.S., Moazzam,,. Budimir, M., M.R.D. and F, Ali, ”Improvement of third-order intermodulation product of RF and microwave amplifiers by injection” IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech 49, pp1148–1154. 2001.
29. Fan, C.W, and Cheng,K-K.M. “Theoretical and experimental study of amplifier linearization based on harmonic and baseband signal injectiontechnique” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 50, pp1801–1806,2002.
30. Yıldırım, R., “Selection of Frequency Components For Symmetric And Asymmetric Communication Systems ” J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ. Vol 23, No 2, pp 329-341, 2008
31. Hassine, L. et al., “Volterra Functional Series Expansions for Semiconductor Lasers Under Modulation” IEEE J.QE, Vol 30, No 4, pp. 918- 928, April 1994.
32. Schetzen, M., The Volterra and Wiener Theories of Nonlinear Systems, R.E. Krieger Publishing Co., reprint edition with additional material, Malabar, Fla., 1989.
33. Petermann, K., Laser Diode Modulation and Noise, Kluwer Academic Pub.Boston,1988
34. Yariv, A., Optical Electronics in Modern Communications, Fifth Ed. Oxford Uni.Press. New York 1997.
35. Agrawal, G.P. and N.K. Dutta, N.K., Long- Wavelength Semiconductor Lasers, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1986.
36. Agrawal,G.P. and Dutta,N.K., Semiconductor Lasers, Second Ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1993.