B4C Takviye Oranı ve İkincil Sinterleme İşlemlerinin Al6061 Matrisli MMKp Malzemelerin Özelliklerine Etkisi

Bu deneysel çalışmada, sıcak presleme aktif sinterleme yöntemi ile üretilen Al6061 matrisli B4C parçacık takviyeli Metal Matrisli Kompozit (MMKP) malzemelerin özelliklerine takviye oranı ve sıvı faz sinterlemenin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ağırlıkça %0, %5, %10 ve %15 oranlarında B4C seramik parçacık takviye elemanları ile ön alaşımlı Al6061 metal tozu turbula cihazında 45 dakika süre ile karıştırılmıştır. Karışım tozlar, 40x60mm2 boyutlarındaki kalıp içerisinde oda sıcaklığında 200 MPa ön presleme basıncında sıkıştırılmıştır. Devamında aynı kalıp bloğu içerisinde argon atmosferi altında 400oC sıcaklıkta 45 dakika boyunca yağlayıcı giderme işlemi uygulanmıştır. Ardından, 550oC sıcaklıkta 100 MPa basınç altında 1 saat boyunca argon atmosferi altında sıcak presleme (SP) aktif sinterleme işlemi uygulanarak MMKP malzemeler üretilmiştir. Bu numunelere 610oC sıcaklıkta 1 saat süreyle süper katı üzeri sıvı faz sinterleme (SKSS) işleminin uygulanmasıyla ikincil sinterleme işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretilen kompozit malzemelerin mikroyapıları ve fiziksel özellikleri; metalografik muayene, sertlik ve yoğunluk ölçümleri, çapraz kırılma dayanımları (ÇKD) ve kırık yüzey analizi taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile karakterize edilmiştir. SKSS işlemi sonunda numuneler suda hızlı (S) ve fırında yavaş (F) soğutularak, soğuma hızının etkisi de incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. SKSS işlemi, SP ile üretilen MMKP malzemelerin yoğunluğunu kısmen düşürmüştür. Bu etki özellikle fırın ortamında yavaş soğutmaya bırakılan numunelerde daha fazladır. Bununla birlikte suda hızlı soğutulan numunelerin sertlik ve ÇKD değerlerinde önemli miktarda artış meydana gelmiştir.

The Effect of B4C Reinforcement Ratio and Secondary Sintering Processes on Properties of Al6061 Matrix MMCp Materials

In this experimental study, the effect of reinforcement ratio and liquid phase sintering on properties of Al6061 matrix B4C particle reinforced Metal Matrix Composite (MMCP) materials produced by hot pressing active sintering method was investigated. Pre-alloyed Al6061 metal powder with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% (wt) B4C ceramic particle reinforcing elements were mixed in the turbula device for 45 minutes. The mixture powder was compressed in the mold in dimensions 40x60mm2 at a pre-pressing pressure of 200 MPa at room temperature. Subsequently, lubricant removal process was applied for 45 minutes at 400oC under argon atmosphere in the same mold block. Then, MMCP materials were produced by applying hot pressing (HP) active sintering under argon atmosphere for 1 hour under pressure of 100 MPa at 550oC. Secondary sintering was performed on these samples by applying supersolidus liquid- phase sintering (SLPS) for 1 hour at 610oC. Microstructures and physical properties of composite materials produced; characterized by metallographic examination, hardness and density measurements, transverse rapture strength (TRS) test and fracture surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At the end of the SLPS process, the samples were cooled fast in water (W) and slow in the furnace (F), and the effect of the cooling rate was also investigated. SLPS process partially reduced the density of MMCP materials produced by HP. This effect is especially high in furnace cooled samples. However, there was a significant increase in the hardness and TRS values of the samples cooled in water quickly.

PDF

___

[1] Asgharzadeh, H., Simchi, A., Supersolidus Liquid Phase Sintering of Al6061/SiC Metal Matrix Composites. Powder Metallurgy, (52/1), (28-35), (2009).
[2] Karakoç, H., Ovalı, İ., Dündar, S., Çıtak, R., Wear and Mechanical Properties of Al6061/SiC/B4C Hybrid Composites Produced with Powder Metallurgy, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, (8/6), (5348-5361), (2019).
[3] Paidpilli, M., Gupta, G.K., Upadhyaya, A., Sintering Response of Aluminum 6061-TiB2 Composite: Effect of Prealloyed and Premixed Matrix. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, (26/9), (4470-4480), (2017).
[4] Zhang, Q., Xiao, B.L., Liu, Z.Y., Ma, Z.Y., Microstructure Evolution and Elemental Diffusion Of SiCp/Al–Cu–Mg Composites Prepared From Elemental Powder During Hot Pressing. J Mater Sci, (46), (6783–6793), (2011).
[5] Topçu, I., Gülsoy, H.O., Kadıoğlu, N., Güllüoğlu, A.N., Processing and Mechanical Properties of B4C Reinforced Al Matrix Composites. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, (482), (516–521), (2009).
[6] Yıldız, T., Gür, A.K., Aba, S., Examination of the Wear Behavior of Cu-Ni/B4Cp Composite by the Taguchi Method. München Materials Testing, (56), (11-12), (2014).
[7] Gao, M., Kang, H., Chen, Z., Guo, E., Peng, P, Wang, T., Effect of Reinforcement Content and Aging Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of B4Cp/6061Al Composites. Materials Science & Engineering, (744), (682-690), (2019).
[8] Kumar, N., Gautam, A., Singh, R.S., Manoj, M.K., Study of B4C/Al–Mg–Si Composites as Highly Hard and Corrosion-Resistant Materials for Industrial Applications. Trans Indian Inst Met, (72/9), (2495– 2501), (2019).
[9] Asghar, Z., Zahid, G.H., Din, R., Ahmad, E., Mehmood, M., Badshah, S., Effect of Degassing Parameters on Sinterability of Al/B4C Powder Mixture. Powder Metallurgy, (58/1), (36-40), (2015).
[10] Upadhyaya, G.S., (2002). Powder Metallurgy Technology. Published By Cambridge International Science Publishing.
[11] Yıldız, T., Katı, N., Gür, A.K., The Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Alloys Produced by Using Hot Isostatic Pressing Method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, (737), (8-13), (2018).
[12] Cai, Z., Zhang, C., Wang, R., Peng, C., Wu, X., Effect of Copper Content on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al/Sip Composites Consolidated By Liquid Phase Hot Pressing. Materials and Design, (110), (10-17), (2016).
[13] Padmavathi, C., Upadhyaya, A., Sintering Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of Al–Cu–Mg–Si– Sn Aluminum Alloy. Trans Indian Inst Met, (64:4–5), (345–357), (2011).
[14] Gökçe, A., Fındık, F., Kurt, A.O., Sintering and Aging Behaviours of Al4CuXMg PM Alloy. Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, (55:4), (391-401), (2016).
[15] German, R.M., (2013). Sintering Theory And Practice (1. Basım). Editör Gülsoy, H.Ö., Ankara: Nobel Yayınları, (374-375).
[16] Momeni, H., Razavi, H., Shabestari, S.G., Effect of Supersolidus Liquid Phase Sintering on The Microstructure and Densification of The Al-Cu-Mg Prealloyed Powder. Iranian Journal of Materials Science & Engineering, (8/2), (10-17), (2010).
[17] German, R.M., (2014). Sintering: From Empirical Observations to Scientific Principles, (289-291).
[18] Padmavathi, C., Upadhyayaa, A., Agrawal, D., Effect of Microwave and Conventional Heating on Sintering Behavior and Properties of Al–Mg–Si–Cu Alloy. Materials Chemistry and Physics (130), (449– 457), (2011).
[19] Amado, M.N., Daroqui, F., Revision of The Solvus Limit of Al-Mg2Si Pseudo Binary Phase Diagram. Procedia Materials Science, (8), (1079-1088), (2015).
[20] Couper, M., Parson, N., Precipitation Strengthening and Alloy Design for 6061 Al-Mg-Si Alloys. Aluminium Alloys–Their Physical and Mechanical Properties 1 Wiley-VCH GmbH & Co, (2008).
[21] Tomiczek, B., Pawlyta, M., Adamiak, M., Dobrzański, L.A., Effect Of Milling Time On Microstructure Of AA6061 Composites Fabricated Via Mechanical Alloying. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, (60/2), (789-793), (2015).
22] Li, Y.Z., Wang, Q.Z., Wang, W.G., Xiao, B.L., Ma, Z.Y., Interfacial Reaction Mechanism Between Matrix and Reinforcement in B4C/6061Al Composites. Materials Chemistry and Physics, (154), (107- 117), (2015).
[26] Javdani, A., Daei-Sorkhabi, A.H., Microstructural and Mechanical Behavior of Blended Powder Semisolid Formed Al7075/B4C Composites Under Different Experimental Conditions. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (28), (1298−1310), (2018).
[27] Liu, S., Zhou, Z., Li, D., Guo, S., Shu, S., Efect ofPack Rolling andHeat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of B4CP/6061Al Composite Prepared by Powder Metallurgy. Metals and Materials International, (2019)
[29] Li, Y., Wang, W., Zhou, J., Chen, H., Zhang, P., 10B Areal Density: a Novel Approach for Design and Fabrication of B4C/6061Al Neutron Absorbing Materials. Journal of Nuclear Materials, (487), (238- 246), (2017).
[30] Ekici, E., Özçatalbaş, Y., Gülesin, M., Mechanical and Fracture Behavior of B4C Reinforced Al Composites Produced By Hot Pressing. München Materials Testing, (58-2), (133-139), (2016).
[23] Ferdian, D., Thebault, Y., Freulon, A., Lacaze, J., Characterisation Of Rosette Formation İn An Aluminium–Silicon Alloy. International Journal of Cast Metals Research, (28/5), (290-294), (2015).
[24] Anyalebechi, P.N., Hogarth, J., Effect Of Supereutectic Homogenization Incidence Of Porosity In Aluminum Alloy On 2014 Ingot. Metallurgical And Materials Transactions B, (25B), (111-122), (1994).
[25] MacKenzie, D.S., Heat Treating Aluminum for Aerospace Applications. Houghton International, Inc. Valley Forge, PA.
[28] Rajasekaran, S., Udayashankar, N.K., Nayak, J., T4 and T6 Treatment of 6061 Al-15 Vol. % SiCP Composite. ISRN Materials Science, (2012/374719), (1-5), (2011).
[31] National Research Council (U.S.), (2011). Opportunities in Protection Materials Science and Technology for Future Army Applications. National Academies Press, (pp:146).