Ankara’da Park Et-Devam Et Sisteminin Modellenmesi İle Yolculuk Değişimine Bağlı Emisyon Azaltımının Ölçülmesi

Park et-Devam et Sistemleri (P+D) kentsel yolculuklarda binek otosu kullanımını minimize etmek için kent bütününde ve kent merkezi çeperinde oluşturulacak otoparklara bireyleri yönlendirip, yolculuklarına toplu taşıma ile devam etmelerini teşvik eden aktarma sistemleridir. P+D sistemleri kent içi ulaşımda trafik sıkışıklığı, zaman kaybı, emisyon ve çevresel kirlilikleri azaltmayı amaçlar. Bu sistemlerin kullanım oranını artırmak için alternatif ulaşım politikalarıyla desteklenmelidir. En önemli politikalar, kent merkezine taşıt girişinin kısıtlanarak özellikle binek otosunun kent merkezine girişin ücretlendirilmesidir. Bu politika yardımıyla, kent merkezindeki sıkışıklığın önüne geçilerek fiziksel, görsel ve çevresel ulaşım sorunları engellenmiş olur. Bu çalışmada VISUM 12.52-07 Ulaşım Talep Yönetimi Programı kullanılarak Ankara kent merkezinde belirlenen yedi Trafik Analiz Zonu'nda taşıt girişinin ücretlendirilmesiyle azalan binek otosu yolculuğunun P+D sistemi vasıtasıyla toplu taşımaya aktarılması modellenmiştir. Model sonucunda binek otosu sayısında % 23 azalma görülürken, toplu taşım yolculuk miktarı % 26 seviyesinde artmıştır. Binek otosu yolculuklarından aktarma sağlamak için, İç Kordon hattı üzerinde 17 P+D aktarma istasyonu önerilmiş, sera gazı miktarındaki azalma yıllık 8042 ton olarak bulunmuştur

Measurement of Emission Reduction Which Depend on Trip Change by Modelling with Park and Ride System in Ankara

Park and Ride Systems (P+R) are transfer systems which are located around the city and near the city center that encourage individuals from using passenger cars to public transport to minimize the use of passenger cars during journeys ending into the city center. P+R systems aim to reduce traffic congestion, time loss, emissions and environmental pollution in urban transport. These systems should be supplemented by alternative transport policies to increase the public transport and systems using rate. The most important policies are to restrict the entrance of vehicles to the city center and to pay for the especially entrance of the passenger car to the city center. By means of this policy, physical, visual and environmental transportation problems are prevented by avoiding the congestion in the city center. Pricing for the entry of passenger car into the designated seven Traffic Analyze Zone in the city center of Ankara are modelled by VISUM 12.52-07 Transportation Demand Management Program for the transfer from passenger car to public transport vehicles by means of P+R Systems. As a result of the model, the number of passenger cars decreased by 23% while the volume of public transport increased by 26%. To provide transfer from passenger car to public transport, 17 P + D transfer stations were proposed on the Inner Cordon line. In this way quantity of greenhouse gas emission reduced by 8042 tons per year

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