Yeni Betonarme Katmanla Güçlendirilen Bir Betonarme Yapının Nümerik Olarak İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmada, öncelikle literatürde yer alan güçlendirme yöntemleri genel olarak incelenmiş ve servis ömrü boyunca kolon ve kirişlerinde sismik kaynaklı yapısal hasarlar oluşmuş bir betonarme binanın hasar tespiti yapılmıştır. Betonarme yapının tüm kolonlarına ve hasarlı kirişlerine yeni bir betonarme tabaka eklenerek ve buna ilave olarak yapıya ek betonarme perdeler yerleştirilerek uygulanan güçlendirme işlemi nümerik olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hasar tespiti aşamasında, betonarme kolonların neredeyse tamamının ve kesme-eğilme çatlaklarının bulunduğu betonarme kirişlerin taşıma kapasitelerinin Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği-2018 (TBDY-2018)’e göre yetersiz olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan güçlendirme işleminden sonra, kolonların etkileşim diyagramları ve kirişlerin moment-eğrilik ilişkileri güçlendirme öncesi durum ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonrasında kolonların eksenel yük taşıma kapasitesinde %300, moment taşıma kapasitesinde %666, kirişlerin moment taşıma kapasitesinde ise %485 artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunların yanı sıra, güçlendirme işleminden sonra yapının ilk üç moduna ait periyotlarda oluşan düşüşe bağlı olarak yapıya etki eden yatay ve düşey deprem ivmelerinin değerleri sırasıyla %294 ve %400 oranında artış göstermiştir. Nümerik çalışmalar SAP2000 sonlu elemanlar programı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nümerik çalışma sırasında, betonarme kolon ve kirişlere yeni bir betonarme tabaka eklenmesi literatürde kullanımı oldukça kısıtlı olan SAP2000-Section Designer kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre hasarlı betonarme bir binada bulunan kolon ve kirişlere yeni bir betonarme tabaka eklenerek ve yapıya betonarme perdeler yerleştirilerek yapının sismik davranışının iyileştirileceği nümerik olarak ortaya koyulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Güçlendirme, Betonarme yapı, Nümerik inceleme

Numerical Investigation of a Reinforced Concrete Structure Rehabilitated by New Reinforced Concrete Layers

In this study, strengthening methods of the structures mentioned in the literature were examined in general sense and an existing reinforced concrete building that has been damaged from its columns and beams in previous earthquakes during service life was investigated numerically by determining the damage status. Then, strengthening was applied by adding a new reinforced concrete layer to all columns and damaged beams followed by placing additional reinforced concrete shear walls to the structural layout. Finally, finite element analysis of the rehabilitated building was carried out and the numerical results were compared with the initial state. At the stage of damage assessment, it has been determined that the load-bearing capacities of almost all reinforced concrete beams with flexural-shear cracks and reinforced concrete columns were insufficient according to Turkey Building Earthquake Code-2018 (TEC-2018). Once the strengthening was applied, the new interaction diagrams of the columns and the moment-curvature relations of the beams were compared with the unstrengthened state. It was determined that there was an increase of 300% in the axial load-carrying capacity and 666% in the moment-carrying capacity of the columns, and 485% in the moment carrying capacity of the beams. In addition, the values of horizontal and vertical earthquake accelerations affecting the structure increased by 294% and 400%, respectively, due to the decrease in the periods of the first three modes of the building. Numerical studies were carried out with SAP2000 finite element program. In the numerical study, adding a new reinforced concrete layer to the reinforced concrete columns and beams was implemented using the SAP2000-Section Designer which has quite limited usage in the literature. According to the results obtained, it has been numerically revealed that the seismic performance of the damaged structure can be improved by adding new reinforced concrete layers to the existing columns and beams and placing reinforced concrete shear walls to the building.

Keywords:

Strengthening, Reinforced concrete structure, Numerical investigation,

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