Parametre Kestirimi Newton-Raphson Yöntemiyle Yapılan MATLAB/GUI Tabanlı Fotovoltaik Sistem Simülatörü

Bu çalışmada ilk olarak güneş pilinin çalışma prensibi, bileşenleri ve bağlantı şekilleri ile eşdeğer devre modeli çıkarımı incelenmiştir. Fotovoltaik (FV) güneş pili modülü genel eşdeğer devre modeli matematiksel denklemleri MATLAB programına uyarlanmıştır. Güneş pilinin akım denklemi çözümü için Newton-Raphson yöntemi kullanılarak MATLAB grafiksel kullanıcı ara yüzü (GUI) ortamında bir ara yüz oluşturulmuştur. Kullanılan model güneş ışınımı ve sıcaklık gibi değişen çevresel koşulları da içerecek şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Oluşturulan ara yüz ile kullanıcı; ışınım, sıcaklık, seri direnç, ideallik faktörü ve seri-paralel bağlı hücre sayıları gibi parametreleri değiştirerek akım ile gerilim (I-V) ve güç ile gerilim (P-V) eğrilerini kolayca elde edebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada iki ayrı üretici firmaya ait güneş paneli verileri için farklı parametreler kullanılarak karakteristik eğriler elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca kullanıcı bu ara yüz sayesinde fotovoltaik hücrenin değişken değerlerini girerek maksimum akım (Imp), maksimum gerilim (Vmp), maksimum güç (Pmp), giriş gücü (Pin), doldurma faktörü (DF) ve verim (η) gibi değerleri kolaylıkla elde edebilmektedir. Bu sayede bu alanda çalışanlar için kullanıcıya kolaylık sağlayan bir ara yüz geliştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fotovoltaik güneş pili, Fotovoltaik güneş pili modülü ve modelleri, MATLAB GUI simülasyonu, Newton-Raphson metodu

A MATLAB/GUI Based Photovoltaic System Simulator for Estimation of PV Parameter using Newton-Raphson Method

In this study, the working principle, components and connection types of the solar cell and the equivalent circuit model extraction were examined. The mathematical equations of the photovoltaic (PV) solar cell module general equivalent circuit model were adapted to the MATLAB software. An interface was created in the MATLAB GUI environment using the Newton-Raphson method to solve the current equation of the solar cell. The model used also includes changing environmental conditions such as solar radiation and temperature. With the interface created, the user; can quickly obtain Current-Voltage (I-V) and Power-Voltage (P-V) curves by changing parameters such as radiation, temperature, series resistance, ideality factor and number of cells connected in series-parallel. In this study, characteristic curves were obtained by using different parameters for the solar panel data of two other manufacturers. In addition, the user can quickly get values such as maximum current (Imp), maximum voltage (Vmp), maximum power (Pmp), input power (Pin), filling factor (FF) and efficiency (η) by entering the variable values of the photovoltaic cell through this interface. In this way, an interface that provides convenience to the user has been developed for those working in this field.

Keywords:

Photovoltaic solar cell, Photovoltaic solar cell module and models, MATLAB GUI simulation, Newton Rapson method,

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