Selen KARALÖK, Serap TEBER, Aydan DEĞERLİYURT, Ayşe BULAN, Ebru ARHAN, Esra GÜNEY, Alev GÜVEN

Özgül Öğrenme Güçlüğünde Elektorensefalografi: Epileptiform Deşarjlara Özel Vurgu

Bu çalışmada, özgül öğrenme güçlüğü olan 187 çocuğun elektroensefalografi (EEG) bulguları değerlendirilmiştir. Özellikle interiktal epileptiform deşarjlar üzerine dikkat çekilmiştir. EEG’lerinde interiktal epileptiform deşarjı olanlar diken grubu, olmayanlar ise kontrol grubu olarak alınmıştır. Tüm grubun %49.5’i tamamen normal ve %10.6’sında sadece pozitif diken dalga tek bulgu idi. Epileptiform aktivite %32’sinde vardı, sıklıkla fokal (sentrotemporal veya oksipital) daha az sıklıkla 13 çocukta ise bilateral senkron simetrik diken dalga komplekslerinin görüldüğü jeneralize deşarjlar şeklinde idi. Diken grubunda, hemen hepsi hafif şiddette olan yavaş dalga anormallikleri (özellikle frontal ve temporal) görüldü. Bu bulgular, özgül öğrenme güçlüğünün EEG bozukluğu şeklinde bulgu veren organik değişikler ile karakterize bir durum olduğunu ve bu epileptiform değişikliklerin öğrenmede bozukluğa yol açabileceğini göstermektedir.

The Electroencephalogram in Learning Disability: Special Emphasis on Interictal Epileptiform Discharges

This study dealt with the electroencephalograms (EEGs) of 187 children withlearning disability. Special attention was given to interictal epileptiformdischarges. The patients who had interictal epileptiform discharge in their EEGwas labeled as spike group, in contrast with those without such activity as thecontrol group. In the whole group, 45.9% were completely normal and anadditional 10.6% had positive spikes as the only finding. Epileptiform activitywas seen in 32%, mainly focal (mostly centrotemporal or occipital) less oftengeneralized, with bilaterally synchronous spike and waves complexes seen in13 children. Slow wave abnormalities (mainly frontal or temporal), nearlyalways mild in degree, were seen mainly in the spike group. These differentfindings suggest that learning disability is a condition often with organicchanges in the form of EEG abnormality, at times with epileptiform activitythat could contribute to a deficit in learning.

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