Erken Modern Dönem Üç Köşeli Ticarette İktisadi Açıdan Kölelik

Uygarlık tarihi kadar eski olan kölelik Erken Modern Dönemde Coğrafi Keşiflerle birlikte yaygınlaşmış, buna paralelolarak köle ticaretinde büyük artış yaşanmıştır. Orta ve Kuzey Amerika’daki yeni fethedilen toprakları mümkünolan en karlı şekilde kullanmanın yollarını arayan zamanın Avrupalı Sömürgeci Devletleri, bu bölgelerin ekonomikpotansiyelini ortaya çıkarmak için köle emeğine dayalı plantasyon ekonomisini hayata geçirdiler. Ekonomik faali yetlerdeki artışın işgücüne olan ihtiyacı arttırması, sömürgeci ülkeleri üç köşeli ticarete yöneltti. Afrika’dan YeniDünya’daki plantasyonlara getirilen kölelerin emekleriyle üretilen şeker, pamuk ve çivit gibi ürünler Avrupa’ya ge lirken, kolonilerde kıt olan neredeyse tüm ürünler de Avrupa’dan ithal edildi. Bunun neticesinde sömürgeci ülkelerinbüyük karlar elde ettiği bir yapı ortaya çıktı. Bir yandan da uluslararası ticaret gelişmeye başladı. Bu makaleninamacı, köle emeğinin ve plantasyon ekonomisinin üç köşeli uluslararası ticaretin verimliliği üzerindeki etkisini analizetmektir.

Economic Aspects of Slavery in the TriangularTrade in the Early Modern Period

Slavery has existed since the beginning of human civilisation. However, there was a great upsurge in slavery duringthe early modern period and the Age of Discovery, when it gained enormous popularity and took new forms. Thegreatest European powers at the time conquered new territories in Central and North America, developing plans howto exploit them in the most profitable way possible. To unlock the economic potential of these territories, colonial coun tries started organising a plantation economy by using slave labour. Consequently, colonial countries generated largeprofits, while the international trade began to flourish. Since there was a labour shortage due to an increased volumeof economic activities, colonial countries engaged in the triangular trade, which ensured cheap and large workforce –slaves. As a result, slaves from Africa were brought to plantations in the New World, the most sought-after products,such as sugar, cotton and indigo, came to Europe from colonies, while almost all products that were scarce in colonieswere imported from Europe. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to analyse the impact and costs of slave labourand plantation economy on the efficiency of the triangular international trade.

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