Biyokütle Kaynaklarından Bazı Platform Kimyasallarının Birlikte Üretimi

Günümüzde fosil kaynaklar, özellikle kimya ve yakıt endüstrileri için hala en önemli kimyasal karbon iskeleti kaynağıdır ve giderek azalmaktadır. Bu durum araştırmacıları yenilenebilir kaynakların çeşitli yakıtlara, kimyasallara ve malzemelere dönüştürülmesi için yeni ekonomik süreçler geliştirmeye zorlamıştır. Son dönemlerdeki araştırmalara bakıldığında, biyo-temelli hammaddelerden bazı platform kimyasallarının birlikte üretiminin girdi maliyetlerinin düşürülmesi bakımından büyük önem arz ettiği görülmektedir. Platform kimyasallarının içerisinde özellikle Glukonik asit (GA) ve 5-hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF)’ın birlikte üretimi gelecekte sürdürülebilir bir kimya endüstrisi için büyük önem taşımaktadır. GA, glikozun oksidasyonu sonucu açığa çıkan, ticari olarak en fazla üretilen organik asitlerden biridir. Kimya, farmasötik, yiyecek, içecek, tekstil ve deterjan endüstrilerinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. HMF, gelecek vaat eden biyoyakıtların yanı sıra farklı faydalı kimyasallara dönüştürülebilen önemli bir başlangıç maddesidir. Ayrıca, polimerler, farmasötikler, kimyasallar ve yakıtlar için kullanılan çok yönlü ve işlevsel bir ara maddedir. Bu derleme, halihazırda farklı tesis ve hammaddelerle üretilen GA ve HMF’nin aynı biyokütle kaynağından daha düşük maliyetlerle tek proseste birlikte üretim çalışmalarının incelenmesinin yanında kimya endüstrisindeki önemi, özellikleri ve uygulamaları hakkında bir inceleme sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyokütle, Glukonik asit, 5-hidroksimetilfurfural, platform kimyasalı

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