Yeni Medya ile Dönüşen Meslekler: Sinema Oyunculuğundan Video Oyunlarına

Geleneksel medya ile yeni medya arasındaki sınırların bulanıklaşması, medyaların değişen formlarının ve birbirine yakınlaşan yapılarının incelenmesi gereksinimini de beraberinde getirmiştir. Yakınsama kavramı ise bu gereksinim doğrultusunda çıkmış olan kavramlardan biridir. Günümüzde yakınsamanın kapsamına giren alanlardan önemli iki tanesi sinema ve video oyunlarıdır. Sinemanın yedinci sanat, video oyunlarının ise sekizinci sanat olarak kabul edildiği ve ikisinin de görsel medyalar olduğu düşünüldüğünde bu iki sanat dalı arasındaki kaçınılmaz etkileşim akademik araştırmalara konu olmaktadır. Video oyunlarının sinema filmlerine yakınlaşan senaryo ve görsel teknikleri, sinemanın ise özellikle pandemi dönemi sonrası dijital platformlara taşınan yapısı, iki sektörün ortak bir noktada, dijital ortamda buluşmasını sağlamıştır. Sinema izleyicisinin pasif, oyuncuların ise anlatıya aktif katılım sağlaması, yeni nesil anlatı arayışını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Transmedya anlatıları ve uyarlamaların hız kazanmasının yanı sıra film yıldızlarının video oyunlarına hareket yakalama teknikleri aracılığıyla kazandırılması güncel hamlelerden en sonuncusu olmuştur. Dijital ortamın gerçek aktörlere ev sahipliği yapmasının altyapısı oluşturan yakınsama kültürü, bu çalışmanın literatür kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada film yıldızlarının video oyunlarında yer almalarının kişisel motivasyonları ve sektörel çıktıları, 3 Mart 2023 – 3 Mayıs 2023 tarihleri arasında arama motoru üzerinden ilgili anahtar kelimelerin kombinasyonu kullanılarak yapılan aramadan örneklem olarak seçilmiş 10 haber üzerinden incelenmiştir. Ulaşılan motivasyon ve çıktıların anlamlı bir biçimde yorumlanması ve farklı haberlerden derlenen bulguların ortak bir kategorizasyonun yapılabilmesi amacıyla çalışmada doküman analizi ve içerik analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. İncelenen haberlerde ulaşılan ortak bulgular dört kategoriye ayrılarak “Yeni Kariyer Fırsatları”, “Görünürlük ve Uzun Vadeli Tanınırlık”, “Endüstri Geliri ve Karşılıklı Kazanç” ve “Medyatik Yansımalar” başlıkları altında derlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu bulguların film yıldızlarını video oyunlarda rol almaya iten temel motivasyonları ve yakınsama doğrultusunda iki sektörü de etkileyecek sektörel çıktıları açıklaması beklenmektedir. Literatürde halihazırda yer alan yakınsama çalışmalarına film yıldızları üzerinden yapılan araştırmayla yeni bir kazanım sağlamayı hedefleyen araştırmanın, kendisinden sonra yapılacak araştırmalara kaynak oluşturabilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sinema, video oyunları, dijital oyunlar, yeni medya, yakınsama

How Traditional Professions Have Transformed with New Media: From Cinema Acting to Video Games

New technologies have blurred the line between traditional media and new media, and convergence culture examines the changing form of media content. These days, cinema and video games are two important areas of convergence. When considering cinema as the seventh art, video games as the eighth art, and both as visual media, the inevitable interaction between these two branches of art becomes the subject of academic research. The script and visual techniques of video games, which have come to resemble movies more and more, and the structure of cinema, which has moved to digital platforms especially since the pandemic, have allowed them to meet in the digital environment. The passive participation of the cinema audience and the active participation of video game players have brought about the need for a new generation of narrative. Transmedia narratives and adaptations mark the first step in the collaboration between the two media forms. Motion capture technology has brought more realistic action to video games, and this marks the second important step. These days, motion capture actors are actual Hollywood stars. Convergence culture and the technical/ technological background form part of the literature of this study, which examines the personal motivations and sectoral outputs of movie stars’ participation in video games over 10 news stories selected as a sample from a search conducted using the combination of related keywords on a search engine between March 3 to May 3, 2023. The study uses the document analysis and content analysis methods to meaningfully interpret the motivations and outputs and to make a common categorization of the findings compiled from different news sources. The common findings from the news clips are divided into four categories and compiled under the headings of new career opportunities, fame and long-term recognition, industry revenue and the win-win situation, and media reflections. These findings are expected to be able to explain the main motivations for movie stars to take part in video games and the sectoral outputs that will affect both sectors in line with convergence. The research aims to provide new gains to the convergence studies already included in the literature with its research on film stars and to be a source for future research to be carried out.

Keywords:

Cinema, video games, digital games, new media, convergence,

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