Use of sage (Salvia triloba L.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) oils in quail diets

Amaç: Bu araştırma bıldırcın rasyonlarında adaçayı (Salvia tri- loba L.) ve defne (Laurus nobilis L.) yağı kullanımının bazı per- formans ve karkas özellikleri üzerine olan etkisini belirlemekamacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada toplam 800 adet üç günlükyaşta karışık cinsiyette Japon bıldırcını (Coturnix coturnix j apo- nica) her biri 80 bıldırcından oluşturulan 10 gruba ayrıldı. Herbir grup kendi içinde, 20 bıldırcın içeren dört alt gruba bölün- dü. Buna göre deneme gruplarını hiçbir yağ katkısı yapılmayangrup (Kontrol), 100 mg/kg adaçayı yağı içeren grup, 200 mg/kgadaçayı yağı içeren grup, 400 mg/kg adaçayı yağı içeren grup,100 mg/kg defne yağı içeren grup, 200 mg/kg defne yağı içerengrup, 400 mg/kg defne yağı içeren grup, 100 mg/kg adaçayı yağı+ 100 mg/kg defne yağı içeren grup, 200 mg/kg adaçayı yağı +200 mg/kg defne yağı içeren grup ve 400 mg/kg adaçayı yağı +400 mg/kg defne yağı içeren grup oluşturdu. Araştırma 35 gün- de tamamlandı. Bulgular: Araştırmada adaçayı, defne ve adaçayı + defne yağıkatkılı tüm deneme gruplarında canlı ağırlıklar, canlı ağırlık ar- tışı, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranı yönünden deği- şiklik oluşmadığı belirlendi (P>0.05). Sıcak ve soğuk karkas ağır- lıkları ile karaciğer, kalp, dalak, taşlık ve bezli mide + taşlık gibiorganların canlı ağırlığa oranlarının da adaçayı, defne ve adaçayı+ defne yağı katkılarıyla etkilenmediği tespit edildi (P>0.05). Öneri: Sonuç olarak, bıldırcın rasyonlarına adaçayı, defne veadaçayı + defne yağı katılmasının performans ve karkas özellik- leri üzerine etkisinin olmadığı ifade edilebilir.

Adaçayı (Salvia triloba L.) ve defne (Laurus nobilis L.) yağının bıldırcın rasyonlarında kullanımı

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the effects of theusage of sage (Salvia triloba L.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) oilsin diets on some performance and carcass parameters of quails. Materials and Methods: A total of 800 three-day-old Japanesequails (Coturnix coturnix j aponica), including both males and females, were divided into 10 groups containing 80 quails. Eachgroup was divided into four replicates containing 20 birds each.These groups were as follow: No oil group (Control), 100 mg/kgsage oil group, 200 mg/kg sage oil group, and 400 mg/kg sageoil group, 100 mg/kg laurel oil group, 200 mg/kg laurel oil gro- up, 400 mg/kg laurel oil group, 100 mg/kg sage oil + 100 mg/ kg laurel oil group, 200 mg/kg sage oil + 200 mg/kg laurel oilgroup, and 400 mg/kg sage oil + 400 mg/kg laurel oil group. Theexperimental period was lasted for 35 days. Results: It was determined that in all experimental groupssupplemented with sage, laurel and sage + laurel oils, no differences (P>0.05) were observed in terms of body weights, bodyweight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Morover,hot and cold carcass weights and relative weight of liver, heart,spleen, gizzard and proventriculus plus gizzard were not affec- ted by supplementation with sage, laurel and sage + laurel oils(P>0.05). Conclusion: It may be concluded that sage, laurel and sage + la- urel oils supplementation in the quails' diets had no effect onperformance and carcass parameters.

PDF

___

Aksu B, Bozkurt AE, 2009. Effect of dietary essential oils and/ or humic acids on broiler performance, microbial populati- on of intestinal content and antibody titres in the summer season. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 15, 185-190.
Alcicek A, Baser KHC, Bozkurt M, Cabuk M, 2007. Çiftlik hayvanları için antibiyotiklere alternatif olarak Türkiye`de yetişen bazı tıbbi bitkilerden izole edilen esansiyel yağların mikrobiyal özellikleri. IV. Ulusal Hayvan Besleme Kongresi. 24-28 Haziran, Bursa, pp: 53-58.
Alcicek A, Bozkurt M, Cabuk M, 2003. The effect of essential oil combination derived from selected herbs growing wild in Turkey on broiler performance. S Afr J Anim Sci, 33, 89- 94.
AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 2000. Of- ficial Methods of Analysis, 17th edition, AOAC Internatio- nal, Maryland, USA.
Baratta MT, Damien Dorman HJ, Deans SG, Biondi DM, Ru- berto G, 1998. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of laurel, sage, rosemary, oregano and coriander essential oils. J Essent Oil Res, 10, 618-627.
Basmacioglu H, Tokusoglu O, Ergul M, 2004. The effect of ore- gano and rosemary essential oils or alpha-tocopheryl ace- tate on performance and lipit oxidation of meat enriched with n-PUFAs in broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 343, 197-210.
Baytop T, 2000. Theraphy with Medicinal Plants in Turkey (Past and Present). Nobel Tıp Press, İstanbul, pp: 13-31.
Bernath J, 2009. Aromatic plants. In: Cultivated Plants, Primarily as Food Sources; Fuleky G, Ed.; EOLSS: Paris, France, pp: 329-352.
Biricik H, Yesilbag D, Gezen SS, Bulbul T, 2012. Effects of dietary myrtle oil (My rtus communis L.) supplementation on growth performance, meat oxidative stability, meat quality and erythrocyte parameters in quails. Revue Med Vet, 163, 131-138.
Botsoglou NA, Christaki E, Florou-Paneri P, Giannenas I, Pa- pageorgiou G, Spais AB, 2004. The effect of a mixture of herbal essential oils or α-tocopheryl acetate on perfor- mance parameters and oxidation of body lipid in broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 34: 52- 61.
Botsoglou NA, Florou-Paner P, Christaki E, Fletouris DJ, Spais AB, 2002. Effect of dietary oregano essential oil on perfor- mance of chickens and on iron-induced lipid oxidation of breast, thigh and abdominal fat tissues. Br Poult Sci, 43, 223-230.
Bozkurt M, Kucukyilmaz K, Catlı AU, Cınar M, 2009. Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide with or without orega- no essential oil and hop extract supplementation on the growth performance and some slaught characteristic of male broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 39, 223-232.
Brenes A, Roura E, 2010. Essential oils in poultry nutrition: Main effects and modes of action. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 158, 1-14.
Bulbul A, Bulbul T, Biricik H, Yesilbag D, Gezen SS, 2012. Ef- fects of various levels of rosemary and oregano volatile oil mixture on oxidative stress parameters in quails. Afr J Bio- tech, 11, 1800-1805.
Bulbul T, Yesilbag D, Ulutas E, Biricik H, Gezen SS, Bulbul A, 2014. Effect of myrtle (My rtus communis L.) oil on perfor- mance, egg quality, some biochemical values and hatchabi- lity in laying quails. Revue Med Vet, 165, 280-288.
Cabuk M, Bozkurt M, Alcicek, A, Akbas Y, Kucukyilmaz K, 2006. Effect of a herbal essential oil mixture on growth and internal organ weight of broilers from young and old breeder flocks. S Afr J Anim Sci, 36, 135-141.
Carpenter KJ, Clegg KM, 1956. The metabolizable energy of poultry feedingstuffs in relation to their chemical compo- sition. J Sci Food Agric, 7, 45-51.
Christaki E, Bonos E, Giannenas I, Florou-Paneri P, 2012. Aro- matic Plants as a Source of Bioactive Compounds. Agricul- ture, 2, 228-243.
Ciftci, M, Guler T, Dalkilic B, Ertas ON, 2005. The effect of anise oil (Pimpinella anisum) on broiler performance. Int J Poult Sci, 4, 851-855.
Cross DE, Mcdevitt RM, Hillman K, Acamovic T, 2007. The ef- fect of herbs and their associated essential oils on perfor- mance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chickens from 7 to 28 days of ege. Br Poult Sci, 48, 496-506.
Denli M, Okan F, Uluocak AN, 2004. Effect of dietary supple- mentation of herb essential oils on the growth performan- ce, carcass and intestinal characteristics of quail (Coturnix coturnix j aponica). S Afr J Anim Sci, 34, 174-179.
Dorman HJD, Deans SG, 2000. Antimicrobial agents from plants: Antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol, 88, 308-316.
Garcia V, Catala-Gregori P, Hernandez F, Megias MD, Madrid J, 2007. Effect of formic acid and plant extracts on growth, nutrient digestibility, intestine mucosa morphology, and meat yield of broilers. J Appl Poult Res, 16, 555-562.
Giannenas I, Florou-Paneri P, Papazahariadou M, Cheristaki E, Botsoglou NA, Spais AB, 2003. Effect of dietary supple- mentation with oregano essential oil on performance of broilers after experimental infection with Eimeria tenel. Br Poult Sci, 57, 99-106.
Hernandez F, Madrid J, Garcia V, Orengo J, Megias MD, 2004. Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility and digestive organ size. Poult Sci, 83, 169- 174.
Jamroz D, Kamel C, 2002. Plant extracts enhance broiler per- formance. In non ruminant nutrition: Antimicrobial agents and plant extracts on immunity, health and performance. J Anim Sci, 80, 41.
Jamroz D, Wertelecki T, Houszka M, Kamel C 2005. Influence of diet type on the inclusion of plant origin active substan- ces on morphological and histochemical characteristics of the stomach and jejunum walls in chicken. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr, 90, 255-268.
Jang IS, Ko YH, Kang SY, Lee CY, 2007. Effect of a commercial essential oil on growth performance, digestive enzyme ac- tivity and intestinal microflora population in broiler chic- kens. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 134, 304-315.
Jantan I, Moharan BAK, Santhanam J, Jamal JA 2008. Correla- tion between chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oils of eight Cinnamomum species. Pharm Biol, 46, 406-412.
Kamel CA, 2000. Novel look at a classic approach of plant ext- racts. Feed Mix, pp: 19-21.
Kirkpinar F, Bora Unlu H, Ozdemir G, 2010. Effects of orega- no and garlic essential oils on performance, carcass, organ and blood characteristics and intestinal microflora of broi- lers. Livestook Sci, 137, 219-225.
Kucukyilmaz K, Catli AU, Cinar M, 2012. Etlik piliç yemlerine esansiyel yağ karışımı ilavesinin büyüme performansı, kar- kas randımanı ve bazı iç organ ağırlıkları üzerine etkileri. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18, 291-296.
Langhout P, 2000. New additives for broiler chickens. World Poultry-Elsevier, 16, 22-27.
Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen AC, 2003. Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabo- lism in female broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci, 44, 450-457.
Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, Wouterse H, Frehner M, Beynen AC, 2004. Cinnamaldehyde, but not thymol, counteracts the carboxymethyl-cellulose-induced growth depression in female broiler chickens. Int J Poult Sci, 3, 608-612.
National Research Council, 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th revised edition, Natl Acad Press, Washington, USA, pp: 44-46.
Papageorgiou G, Botsoglou N, Govaris A, Giannenas I, Ilia- dis S, Botsoglou E, 2003. Effect of dietary oregano oil and α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation on iron-induced li- pid oxidation of turkey breast, thigh, liver and heart tissu- es. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr, 87, 324-335.
Parlat S, Yildiz AO, Olgun O, Cufadar Y, 2005. Bıldırcın rasyon- larında büyütme amaçlı antibiyotiklere alternatif olarak kekik uçucu yağı (Origanium vulgare) kullanımı. Sel Üniv Zir Fak Der, 19, 7-12.
Sengul T, Yurtseven S, Cetin M, Kocyigit A, Sogut B, 2008. Effect of thyme (T. vulgaris) extracts on fattening perfor- mance, some blood parameters, oxidative stress and DNA damage in Japanese quails. J Anim Feed Sci, 17, 608-620.
Simsek UG, Ciftci M, Dalkilic B, Guler T, Ertas ON, 2007. The effects of dietary antibiotic and anise oil supplementation on body weight, carcass characteristics and organoleptic analysis of meat in broilers. Revue Med Vet, 158, 10, 514-518.
Windisch W, Schedle K, Plitzner C, Kroismayr A, 2008. Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and po- ultry. J Anim Sci, 86, 140-148.
Yesilbag D, Gezen SS, Biricik H, Bulbul T, 2012. Effect of a ro- semary and oregano volatile oil mixture on performance, lipid oxidation of meat and haematological parameters in pharaoh quails. Br Poult Sci, 53, 89-97.
Zhang KY, Yan F, Keen CA, Waldroup PW, 2005. Evaluation of microencapsulated essential oils and organic acids in diets for broiler chickens. Int J Poult Sci, 4, 612-619.