Fateme Aghamir, Hosseinali Bahrami, Mohammad Jafar Malakouti, Saeid Eshghi, Foroud Sharifi

Seed germination and seedling growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) as influenced by magnetized saline water

Magnetized water is considered eco-friendly physical presowing seed germination.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of magnetized watertreatments on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) germination under saline conditions (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 120 mM NaCl). This experiment was performed as factorial in a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The results revealed that the roots and shoots length, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots and roots to shoots ratio, chlorophyll content index, water uptake, tissue water contentwere significantly affected by magnetized water.Irrigation with magnetized water significantly increased the physiologic factors such as germination percentage and index, vigor index and salt tolerance index, compared to untreated control seeds.Mean germination time and parameters T1, T10, T25, T50and T90 (required time for germination of one to 90 percent of seeds) were reduced significantly in all magnetized water treated plants in comparison to control.The results also demonstrated that magnetized water was conducive to promote the growth of bean seedlings under saline conditions.

Keywords:

Chlorophyll content index, physiological parameters, salinity, vigor index,

PDF

___

Abdul-Baki, A.A., Anderson, J.D., 1973. Vigor determination in soybean by multiple criteria. Crop Science 13: 630-633.
Ahamed, M.E.M., Elzaawely, A.A., Bayoumi, Y.A., 2013. Effect of magnetic field on seed germination, growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Asian Journal of Crop Science 5: 286-294
Azharonok, V.V., Goncharik, S.V., Filatova, I.I., Shik, A.S., Antonyuk, A.S., 2009. The effect of the high frequency electromagnetic treatment of the sowing material for legumes on their sowing quality and productivity. Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry 45: 317-327.
Black, M., Pritchard, H., 2002. Desiccation and survival in plants drying without dying. New York: CABI publishing.
Cai, R., Yang, H., He, J., Zhu, W., 2009. The effects of magnetic fields on water molecular hydrogen bonds. Journal of Molecular Structure 938: 15–19.
Carbonell, M.V., Martinez, E., Amaya, J.M., 2000. Stimulation of germination in rice (Oriza sativa L.) by a static magnetic field. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 19: 121-128.
Carbonell, M.V., Martinez, E., Florez, M., Maqueda, R., Lopez-Pintor, A., Amaya, J.M., 2008. Magnetic field treatments improve germination and seedling growth in Festuca arundinacea Schreb and Loliumperenne L. Seed Science and Technology 36: 31-37.
Dandan, L., Yan, S., 2013. Effects of magnetized saline on growth and development of winter wheat seedlings. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 5(12): 1596-1599.
Gutzeit, H.O., 2001. Biological effects of ELF-EMF enhanced stress response: new insights and new questions. Electro- and Magnetobiology 20(1): 15-26.
Hilal, M.H., Hilal, M.M., 2000. Application of magnetic technologies in desert agriculture: I-Seed germination and seedling emergence of some crops in a saline calcareous soil. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science 40(3): 413-423.
Ibrahim Mohamed, A., Mohsen Ebead, B., 2013. Effect of irrigation with magnetically treated water on faba bean growth and composition. International Journal of Agricultural Policy and Research 1(2): 24-40.
ISTA., 2004. International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association. Zurich.
Jamil, M., Lee, D.B., Jung, K.Y., Ashraf, M., Lee, S.C., Rha, E.S., 2006. Effect of salt (NaCl) stress on germination and early seedling growth of four vegetables. Journal of Central European Agriculture 7(2): 273-282.
Jamil, M., Rehman, S., Lee, K.J., Kim, J.M., Kim, H.S., Rha, E.S., 2007. Salinity reduced growth PS II photochemistry and chlorophyll content in radish. Scientia Agricola 64: 1-10.
Jamil, Y., Haq, Z., Iqbal, M., Jamil, T., Amin, N., 2012. Enhancement in growth and yield of mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) using magnetic field treatment. International Agrophysics 26 (4): 375–380.
Kang, H.M., Saltveit, M.E., 2002. Chilling tolerance of maize, cucumber and rice seedlings leaves and roots are differently affected by salicylic acid. Physiologia Plantarum 115: 571–576.
Kaya, M.D., Okcu, G., Atak, M., 2006. Seed treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). European Journal of Agronomy 24: 291-295.
Mahmood, S., Usman, M., 2014. Consequences of magnetized water application on maize seed emergence in sand culture. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 16: 47-55.
Markwell, J., Osterman, J.C., Mitchell, J.L., 1995. Calibration of the Minolta SPAD-502 leaf chlorophyll meter. Photosynthesis Research 46: 467–472.
Martinez, E., Carbonell, M.V., Flórez, M., Amaya, J.M., Maqueda, R., 2009. Germination of tomato seeds (Lycopersicon esculentumL.) under magnetic field. International Agrophysics 23: 45-49.
Mohamed, A.I., Ebead, B.M., 2013. Effect of magnetic treated irrigation water on salt removal from a sandy soil and on the availability of certain nutrients. International Journal of Engineering2(2): 2305-8269.
Mujeeb-ur-Rahman, U.A.S., Mohammad, Z., Shereen, G., 2008. Effects of NaCl Salinity on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4(3): 398-403.
Pang, X.F., Deng, B., 2008. The changes of macroscopic features and microscopic structures of water under influence of magnetic field. Physica B: Condensed Matter 403: 3571–3577.
Panwar, P., Bhardwaj, S.D., 2005. Handbook of Practical Forestry. Agrobios, India.191p.
Qados, A., Hozayn, M., 2010. Magnetic water technology, a novel tool to increase growth, yield, and chemical constituents of Lentil (Lens esculenta) under greenhouse condition. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 7(4): 457-462.
Qiu, N.W., Tan, T.H., Dai, H., Shen, X., Han, R., Lin, Y., Ma, Z.Q., 2011. Biological effects of magnetized water on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological characteristics of wheat. Plant Physiology Journal 47(8): 803-810.
Reina, F.G., Pascual, L.A., Fundora, I.A., 2001. Influence of a stationary magnetic field on water relations in lettuce seeds. Part II: Experimental Results. Bioelectromagnetics 22: 596-602.
Selim, M.M., 2008. Application of magnetic technologies in correcting underground brackish water for irrigation in the arid and semi-arid ecosystem. The 3rd International Conference on Water Resources and Arid Environments.
Vashisth, A., Nagarajan, S., 2010. Effect on germination and early growth characteristics in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds exposed to static magnetic field. Journal of Plant Physiology 167: 149–156.
Xu, X.M., Ye, H.C., Li, G.F., 2000. Progress in research of plant tolerance to saline stress. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology 6(4): 379-387.