Changes of C and N stocks in the subtropical Dianchi lake watershed in southwest China due to LUCC

The change from forest to agricultural land in the last three decades represents a significant shift in land use in China. This study was conducted to evaluate how change from forest to greenhouse cabbage production affected soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks in surface soil. Our results showed that converting forest to greenhouse vegetable production led to increases in SOC and TN concentrations and stocks, and decreases in C:N ratio in the top soil. The accumulation rates of SOC and TN in the surface soil (0-40cm) were estimated to be 4.638 Mg ha-1 yr-1 and 1.113 Mg ha-1 yr-1 respectively, over an average period of 8 years after change of forest to greenhouse vegetable production. We conclude that greenhouse vegetable production system could be an effective strategy to improve SOC and TN stocks in the subtropical Dianchi lake watershed.
Keywords:

-,

___

  • Blake, G.R., Hartge, K.H., 1986. Bulk density. In: Klute, A. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1. 2nd ed. Am. Soc. Ag., Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Madison, WI, pp. 363–375.
  • Brye, K.R., Norman, J.M., Bundy, L.G., Gower, S.T., 2001. Nitrogen and carbon leaching in agroecosystems and their role in denitrification. Journal of Environmental Quality 30: 58–70.
  • Chen, H.Q., Lee, J., Kuzyakov, Y., Six, J., 2012. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in intensively managed arable soils. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 150:102-110.
  • Deen, W., Kataki, P.K., 2003. Carbon sequestration in a long-term conventional versus conservation tillage experiment. Soil and Tillage Research 74:143-150.
  • Demessie, A., Singh, B.R., Lal, R., 2013. Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks under chronosequence of farm and traditional agroforestry land uses in Gambo District, Southern Ethiopia. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 95: 365–375.
  • Dong, Y., Dong, K., Lu, Y., Zhao, P., Tang, L. 2009. Influence of greenhouse cultivation on soil chemical properties and microbial community. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University 24(3): 418-424. [in Chinese, with English abstract]
  • Ellert, B.H., Bettany, E.T., 1995. Calculation of organic matter and nutrients stored insoils under contrasting management regimes. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 75: 529–538.
  • Falahatkar, S., Hosseini, S.M. Mahiny, A.S., Ayoubi, S., Wang, S.Q., 2014. Soil organic carbon stock as affected by land use/cover changes in the humid region of Northern Iran. Journal of Mountain Science 11(2): 507-518.
  • Gao, M., Yang, H., 2006. Distribution of soil nutrient and its environmental impact under different land utilization in Dounan of Dianchi watershed. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science 34(23): 6255-6257, 6259. [in Chinese, with English abstract]
  • Gelaw, A.M., Singh, B.R., Lal, R. 2014. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 188: 256–263.
  • Jiang, J.B., Jia, X.S., Qiao, J., Man, C.H., Wu, G.X., 2011. Assessment of vegetable greenhouse and development for new sunlight greenhouse. Chinese Vegetable 11: 8-10. [in Chinese, with English abstract]
  • Kaffka S., Koepf H.H., 1989. A case study on the nutrient regime in sustainable farming. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture: An International Journal for Sustainable Production Systems 6: 89-106.
  • Karchegani, M.P., Ayoubi, S., Mosaddeghi, M.R., Honarjoo, N., 2012. Soil organic carbon pools in particle-size fractions as affected by slope gradient and land use change in hilly regions, Western Iran. Journal of Mountain Science 9: 87-95.
  • Khormali, F., Ajami, M., 2011. Pedogenetic investigation of soil degradation on a deforested loess hill slope of Golestan Province, Northern Iran. Geoderma 167-168: 274-283.
  • Liang, Q., Chen, H.Q., Gong, Y.S., Fan, M.S., Yang, H.F., Lal, R., Kuzyakov, Y., 2012. Effects of 15 years of manure and inorganic fertilizers on soil organic carbon fractions in a wheat-maize system in the North China Plain. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 92: 21-33.
  • McCarty, G.W., Meisinger, J.J., 1997. Effects of N fertilizer treatments on biologically active N pools in soils under plow and no tillage. Biology and Fertility of Soils 24: 406-412.
  • Mireia, L., Bruno, G.M., Belén, T., 2010. Storage of organic carbon and black carbon in density fractions of calcareous soils under different land uses. Geoderma 159: 31-38.
  • Ministry of Agriculture, People’s Republic of China (MOA). 2006. Soil testing. Part 1: soil sampling, processing and reposition ( NY/T 1121.1-2006). Beijing.
  • Niu, X.Y., Wang, Y.H., Yang, H., Zheng, J.W., Zou, J., Xu, M.N., Wu, S.S., Xie, B. 2015. Effect of land use on soil erosion and nutrients in Dianchi lake watershed, China. Pedosphere 25(1): 103-111.
  • Omonode, R.A., Vyn, T.J., 2006. Vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and nitrogen under warm-season native grasses relative to croplands in west-central Indiana, USA. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 117: 159-170.
  • Oyarzun, R., Arum, J., Salgado, L., Marino, M., 2007. Sensitivity analysis and field testing of the RISK-N model in the Central Valley of Chile. Agricultural Water Management 87: 251-260.
  • Poeplau, C., Don, A., 2013. Sensitivity of soil organic carbon stocks and fractions to different land-use changes across Europe. Geoderma 192:189-201.
  • Puget, P., Lal R., 2005. Soil organic carbon and nitrogen in a Mollisol in central Ohio as affected by tillage and land use. Soil and Tillage Research 80: 201-213.
  • Qiu, S.J., Ju, X.T., Ingwersen, J., Qin, Z.C., Li, L., Streck, T., Christie, P., Zhang, F.S., 2010. Changes in soil carbon and nitrogen pools after shifting from conventional cereal to greenhouse vegetable production. Soil and Tillage Research 107: 80-87.
  • Russell, A.E., Laird, D.A., Parkin, T.B., Mallarino, A.P., 2005. Impact of nitrogen fertilization and cropping system on carbon sequestration in Midwestern Mollisols. Soil Science Society of America Journal 69: 413-422.
  • Shi, W.M., Yao, J., Yan, F., 2009. Vegetable cultivation under greenhouse conditions leads to rapid accumulation of nutrients, acidification and salinity of soils and groundwater contamination in South-Eastern China. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 83: 73-84.
  • Su, Z.Y., Xiong, Y.M., Zhu, J.Y., Ye, Y.C., Ye, M., 2006. Soil organic carbon content and distribution in a small landscape of Dongguan, South China. Pedosphere 16: 10-17.
  • Thomsen, I.K., Petersen, B.M., Bruun, S., Jensen, L.S., Christensen, B.T., 2008. Estimating soil C loss potentials from the C to N ratio. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 40: 849-852.
  • Wang, J.L., Yang, G.H., 1997. A study on soil resources and rational use of small drainage in Dianchi lake drainage area. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Valley 6(2):143-148.
  • Wang, Y,. Xu, H., Wu, X., Zhu, Y.M., Gu, B.J., Niu, X.Y., Liu, A.Q., Peng, C.H., Ge, Y., Chang, J., 2011. Quantification of net carbon flux from plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation: a full carbon cycle analysis. Environmental Pollution 159: 1427-1434.
  • West, T.O., Marland, G., 2002. Net carbon flux from agricultural ecosystems: methodology for full carbon cycle analyses. Environmental Pollution 116: 439-444.
  • Wu, G.L., Liu, Z.H., Zhang, L., Hu, T.M., Chen, J.M., 2010. Effects of artificial grassland establishment on soil nutrients and carbon properties in a black-soil-type degraded grassland. Plant Soil 333: 469-479.
  • Wu, X., Ge, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, D., Gu, B.J., Ren, Y., Yang, G.F., Peng, C.H., Cheng, J.H., Chang, J., 2015. Agricultural carbon flux changes driven by intensive plastic greenhouse cultivation in five climatic regions of China. Journal of Cleaner Production 95: 265-272.
  • Yan, Y., Tian, J., Fan, M.S., Zhang, F.S., Li X.L., Christie, P., Chen, H.Q., Lee, L., Kuzyakov, Y,. Six, J., 2012. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in intensively managed arable soils. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 150:102-110.
  • Zhang, C., Liu, G.B., Xue, S., Sun, C.L., 2013. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen storage as affected by land use in a small watershed of the Loess Plateau, China. European Journal of Soil Biology 54: 16-24.