Shoaib AHMED, Matiullah KHAN, Taqi RAZA, Rizwan AHMAD, Javid IQBAL, Neal S. EASH

2115

Integrated use of bio-organic and chemical fertilizer to enhance yield and nutrients content of tomato

Excessive use of chemical fertilizers causing a serious threat to the agro-ecological system, developing resistance to pest and declining food safety. Under current scenario, the application of bio-organic nutrients sources become imperative to sustain the productivity of arable farming. Thus to study the possible use of bio-organic sources of nutrients in soil fertility, crop quality and saving the application cost of chemical fertilizer, a pot experiment was conducted in green-house at Land Resources Research Institute, NARC Islamabad. Integrated effects of bio-organic fertilizers such as phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), vermicompost (VC) along with chemical fertilizer was investigated on soil-plant nutrients contents, growth and yield of tomato. Post-harvest results showed that the integrated use of bio-organic fertilizers with chemical fertilizer significantly increased the agronomic yield (Plant height and chlorophyll content) and fruit yield (Number of fruits, fruit weight, fruit diameter and yield) in tomato. The maximum plant height (161.24cm), chlorophyll contents (61.2), number of fruits (19), fruit weight (55g), fruit diameter (45.6a) and fruit yield (1.39 Kg/plant) were recorded in the treatment T5 where VC+PSB+75%RD were applied and minimum in treatment T1 (control). Treatment T5 has increased 117% fruit yield over control. The highest N (2.05% and 2.89%), P (0.33% and 0.50%) and K (2.32% and 6.67%) concentration in shoot and fruit of tomato respectively were found in treatment T5 (VC+PSB+75%RD). Similarly, in soil the highest N (4 mg Kg-1), P (0.66mg Kg-1) and K (3.53mg Kg-1) was recorded in treatment T6 (VC+PSB+100RD). Thus, study results recommend that the integrated use of bio-organic sources with appropriate proportion of chemical/synthetic fertilizers is best option of fertilizer savings and to achieve maximum benefits regarding quality and yield.
Keywords:

Tomato, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, vermicompost, chemical fertilizer, greenhouse conditions,

PDF

___

  • Abbasi, M.K., Sharif, S., Kazmi, M., Sultan, M., Aslam, M., 2011. Isolation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from wheat rhizosphere and their effect on improving growth, yield and nutrient uptake of plants. Plant Biosystems 145(1): 159–168.
  • Amanullah, Khan, A., 2015. Phosphorus and compost management influence maize (Zea mays) productivity under semiarid condition with and without phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Frontiers in Plant Science 6: 1083. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.01083
  • Anggraheni, Y.G.D., Nuro, F., Paradisa, Y.B., 2019. Effect of organic fertilizer on growth and yield of chili Pepper. Proceedings The 3rd SATREPS Conference “The Project for Producing Biomass Energy and Material throughRevegetation of Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) Fields”. 22November 2018. Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. pp. 30-37.
  • Barani, P., Amburani, A., 2004. Influence of vermicomposting on major nutrients in bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). var. Arka Anamika, South Indian Horticulture 52(1-6): 351-354.
  • Barrios-Masias, F.H., Cantwell, M.I., Jackson, L.E., 2011. Cultivar mixtures of processing tomato in an organic agroecosystem. Organic Agriculture 1(1): 17-30.
  • Berger, L.R., Stamford, N.P., Santos, C.E.R.S., Freitas, A.D.S., Franco, L.O. Stamford, T.C.M., 2013. Plant and soil characteristics affected by biofertilizers from rocks and organic matter inoculated with diazotrophic bacteria and fungi that produce chitosan. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 13(3): 592-603.
  • Bihari, B., Kumari, R., Padbhushan, R., Shambhavi, S., Kumar, R., 2018. Impact of inorganic and organic sources on bio-growth and nutrient accumulation in tomato crop cv. H-86 (Kashi Vishesh). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(2): 756-760.
  • Chatterjee, R., Bandyopadhyay, S., 2014. Studies on effect of organic, inorganic and biofertilizers on plant nutrient status and availability of major nutrients in tomato. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 5(1): 93-97.
  • Damse, D.N., Bhalekar, M.N., Pawar, P.K., 2014. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of garlic. The Bioscan 9(4): 1557-1560.
  • Deepika, A., Singh, A.K., Kanaujia, S.P., Singh, V.B., 2010. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and economics of capsicum (Capsicum annum L.) cv. California Wonder. Journal of Soils and Crops 20(1): 33-38.
  • Douds Jr, D.D., Nagahashi, G., Pfeffer, P.E., Reider, C., Kayser, W.M., 2006. On-farm production of AM fungus inoculum in mixtures of compost and vermiculite. Bioresource Technology 97(6): 809-818.
  • El-Gleel Mosa, W., Paszt, L.S., El-Megeed, N.A., 2014. The role of bio-fertilization in improving fruits productivity - A review. Advances in Microbiology 4(15): 1057-1064.
  • El-Tarabily, K.A., Soaud, A.A., Saleh, M.E., Matsumoto, S., 2006. Isolation and characterisation of sulfur-oxidising bacteria, including strains of Rhizobium, from calcareous sandy soils and their effects on nutrient uptake and growth of maize (Zea mays L.). Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57(1):101-111.
  • Etesami, H., Adl, S.M., 2020. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their action mechanisms in availability of nutrients to plants. In: Phyto-Microbiome in Stress Regulation. Kumar, M., Kumar, V., Prasad, R. (Eds.). Environmental and Microbial Biotechnology. Springer, Singapore. pp.147-203.
  • FAO, 2020. Land & Water. Fod and Agriculture Organization of the United States. Available at [25.04.2021]: http://www.fao.org/land-water/databases-and-software/crop-information/tomato/en/
  • Jack, A.L., Thies, J.E., 2006. Compost and vermicompost as amendments promoting soil health. In: Biological Approaches to Sustainable Soil Systems. Uphoff, N., Ball, A.S., Fernandes, E., Herren, H., Husson, O., Laing, M., Palm, C., Pretty, J., Sanchez, P., Sanginga, N., Thies, J. (Eds.). CRC Press. pp. 453-466.
  • Kaur, H., Gosal, S.K., Walia, S.S., 2017. Synergistic effect of organic, inorganic and biofertilizers on soil microbial activities in rhizospheric soil of green pea. Annual Research & Review in Biology 12(4): 1-11.
  • Khaliq, A., Abbasi, M.K. Hussain, T., 2006. Effects of integrated use of organic and inorganic nutrient sources with effective microorganisms (EM) on seed cotton yield in Pakistan. Bioresource Technology 97(8): 967-972.
  • Khan, M., Khan, M.J., Ahmad, S., Ali, A., Khan, N., Fahad, M.A., 2020. Effect of different nitrogen doses and deficit irrigation on nitrogen use efficiency and growth parameters of tomato crop under drip irrigation system. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 36(1): 319-323.
  • Khan, Z., Tiyagi, S.A., Mahmood, I., Rizvi, R., 2012. Effects of N fertilization, organic matter, and biofertilisers on the growth and yield of chilli in relation to management of plant-parasitic nematodes. Turkish Journal of Botany 36(1): 73-81.
  • Kim, K.Y., Jordan, D., McDonald, G.A., 1998. Enterobacter agglomerans, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and microbial activity in soil: Effect of carbon sources. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 30(8-9): 995-1003.
  • Kjeldahl, J., 1883. Neue Methode zur Bestimmung des Stickstoffs in organischen Körpern. Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 22(1): 366-382.
  • Kumar, A., Bahadur, I., Maurya, B.R., Raghuwanshi, R., Meena, V.S., Singh, D.K., Dixit, J., 2015. Does a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria enhance agricultural sustainability?. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 9(1): 715-724.
  • Kumar, A., Singh, R., Chhillar, R.K., Pal, M., 2001. Influence of fertility levels and su:ort management on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum M.) under different planting methods. Crop Research-Hisar 22(3): 437-441.
  • Kumar, S., Maji, S., Kumar, S., Singh, H.D., 2014. Efficacy of organic manures on growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cv. Japanese White. International Journal of Plant Sciences 9(1): 57-60.
  • Lima, F.S., Stamford, N.P., Sousa, C.S., Junior, M.L., Malheiros, S.M.M. and Van Straaten, P., 2010. Earthworm compound and rock biofertilizer enriched in nitrogen by inoculation with free living diazotrophic bacteria. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 26(10): 1769-1775.
  • Maji, S., 2013. Different farming options to reduce pesticide load in crop and environment. In: Green Chemistry and sustainable agriculture practices: a step towards a better future. Chattopadhyay, T., Bhowmik, B. (Eds.). Council for MS Academic in collaboration with Panchakot Mahavidyalaya.
  • Maji, S., Das, B. C., 2008. Quality improvement of guava: an organic approach. Journal of Asian Horticulture 4(3): 191-195.
  • Malik, A.M., Mughal, K.M., Mian, S.A., Khan, M.A.U., 2018. Hydroponic tomato production and productivity improvement in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture Research 31(2): 133-144.
  • Namli, A., Mahmood, A., Sevilir, B., Ozkir, E., 2017. Effect of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria on some soil properties, wheat yield and nutrient contents. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science 6(3): 249-258.
  • Nautiyal, C.S., Bhadauria, S., Kumar, P., Lal, H., Mondal, R., Verma, D., 2000. Stress induced phosphate solubilization in bacteria isolated from alkaline soils. FEMS Microbiology letters 182(2): 291-296.
  • Nazir, N., Singh, S.R., Khalil, A., Jabeen, M., Majeed, S., 2006. Yield and growth of strawberry cv Senga Sengana as influenced by integrated organic nutrient management system. Environment and Ecology 24: 651-654.
  • Olanrewaju, O.S., Glick, B.R., Babalola, O.O., 2017. Mechanisms of action of plant growth promoting bacteria. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 33: 197.
  • Pal, A., Govid, S.M., Kumawat, R., Kumar, S., Meena, D.C., 2015. Efficacy of various sources of nutrients on growth, flowering, yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cv. Azad T-6. The Bioscan 10: 473-477.
  • Palaniappan, S.P., Annadurai, K., 2018. Organic farming theory and practice. Scientific Publishers.257p
  • Park, J.H., Lee, H.H., Han, C.H., Yoo, J.A., Yoon, M.H., 2016. Synergistic effect of co-inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Korean Journal of Agricultural Science 43(3): 401-414.
  • Prabhu, M., Veeraragavathatham, D., Srinivasan, K., Pugalendhi, L., Rajangam, J., 2004. Studies on the uptake of nutrients by brinjal hybrid COBH 1. South Indian Horticulture 52(1/6):122.
  • Rani, M., Jha, A.K., 2020. Effect of proportional substitution of potassic fertilizer with biofertilizers in onion. Indian Journal of Horticulture 77(3): 508-512.
  • Richardson, A.E., 2001. Prospects for using soil microorganisms to improve the acquisition of phosphorus by plants. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 28(9): 897-906.
  • Shahid, M., Hameed, S., Imran, A., Ali, S. Van Elsas, J.D., 2012. Root colonization and growth promotion of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by phosphate solubilizing Enterobacter sp. Fs-11. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 28(8): 2749-2758.
  • Singh, A., Jain, P.K., Sharma, H.L., Singh, Y., 2015a. Effect of planting date and integrated nutrient management on the production potential of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon M.) under polyhouse condition. Journal Crop and Weed 11: 28-33.
  • Singh, A.K., Beer, K., Pal, A.K., 2015b. Effect of vermicompost and bio-fertilizers on strawberry growth, flowering and yield. Annals of Plant and Soil Research 17(2): 196-99.
  • Singh, R., Sharma, R.R., Kumar, S., Gupta, R.K. Patil, R.T., 2008. Vermicompost substitution influences growth, physiological disorders, fruit yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). Bioresource Technology 99(17): 8507-8511.
  • Soltanpour, P.N., Workman, S., 1979. Modification of the NH4 HCO3‐DTPA soil test to omit carbon black. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 10(11): 1411-1420.
  • Soni, S., Amit, K., Rajkumar, C., Praval, S.C., Rahul, K.S.D., 2018. Effect of organic manure and biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa Duch) cv. Sweet Charlie. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2: 128-132.
  • Tognetti, C., Laos, F., Mazzarino, M.J., Hernandez, M.T., 2005. Composting vs. vermicomposting: A comparison of end product quality. Compost Science and Utilization 13(1): 6-13.
  • Tripathi, V.K., Mishra, A.N., Kumar, S., Tiwari, B., 2014. Efficacy of Azotobacter and PSB on vegetative growth, flowering, yield and quality of strawberry cv. Chandler. Progressive Horticulture 46(1): 48-53.
  • Ughade, S.R., Tumbare, A.D., Surve, U.S., 2016. Response of tomato to different fertigation levels and schedules under polyhouse. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 12(1): 76-80.
  • Umar, I., Wali, V.K., Kher, R., Sharma, A., 2008. Impact of integrated nutrient management on strawberry yield and soil nutrient status. Applied Biological Research 10(1-2): 22-25.
  • Vimera, K., Kanaujia, S.P., Singh, V.B., Singh, P.K., 2012. Integrated nutrient management for quality production of king chilli (Capsicum chinense Jackquin) in an acid alfisol. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 60: 45-49.
  • Yeptho, V., Kanaujia, S.P., Singh, V.B., Amod, S., 2012. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of tomato under poly-house condition. Journal of Soils and Crops 22(2): 246-252.
Eurasian Journal of Soil Science-Cover
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2012
  • Yayıncı: Avrasya Toprak Bilimleri Dernekleri Federasyonu
Arşiv
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Gulsun BAYADİLOVA, Asset ZHYLKİBAYEV, Jansulu YESSENBAYEVA, Gulmira YELİBAYEVA, Dauren KAZKEYEV, Venera M. KARASSEVA

Snowie Jane C. GALGO, Victor B. ASİO

Shokan N. KULZHANOV, Saule Z. KAZYBAYEVA, Tolepbergen S. TAZHİBAEV, Laura A. AZHİTAEVA, Maira YESSENALİYEVA

Lelenda Florent KEBALO, Sezai DELİBACAK

Ganesh MAHARA, Rajendra BAM, Min KANDEL, Sampada TİMİLSİNA, Dhiraj CHAUDHARY, Janardan LAMİCHHANE, Tirtha Raj BAJGAİ, Bhoj Raj PANT, Uttam BHATTARAİ, Jitendra UPADHYAYA

Mehmet PARLAK

Ghada SAHBENİ, Balázs SZÉKELY

Andrey NOVOSELOV, Alexandr KONSTANTİNOV, Elizaveta KONSTANTİNOVA, Andrey BARBASHEV, Tamara DUDNİKOVA, Iliya LOBZENKO

Tatiana MİNNİKOVA, Sergey KOLESNİKOV, Anna RUSEVA, Kamil KAZEEV, Tatiana MİNKİNA, Saglara MANDZHİEVA, Svetlana SUSHKOVA

Shoaib AHMED, Matiullah KHAN, Taqi RAZA, Rizwan AHMAD, Javid IQBAL, Neal S. EASH