Cansu Gül KOCA, Bengisu YILDIRIM, Muhammed Fatih ÇİÇEK

Evaluation of the Prevalence of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder and Bruxism in Individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Objective: To evaluate the possible association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and bruxism. Materials-Methods: This study was performed in a group patients with and without OSAS suffering from myofacial pain. All patients were evaluated for TMD with Fonseca Anamnestic Index. The diagnosis of bruxism was made by clinical examination of all patients and in accordance with their anamnesis. Statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS statistics (24.0 Version; SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL).The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Descriptive data were calculated for all variables. Chi square test was used to compare categorical variables. Results: There were a total of 54 patients suffering from myofacial pain and 28 (51.9%) of the patients were also associated with OSAS. It was observed that the prevalence of bruxism in individuals with OSAS (82%) was significantly higher than individuals without OSAS (15.4%) (p <0.001). Moderate or severe TMD incidence in non-OSAS cases was 15.4%, and all of the cases with OSAS had moderate or severe TMD, and this difference between groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was seen that there is a strong relationship between OSAS and TMD and bruxism. Although the cause and effect relationship between OSAS and TMD or bruxism has not been proven, in the literature there is a considerably high prevalence for the correlation of these disorders. Additional studies are required in the future, using objective methods and analyzing more patient groups.

Keywords:

obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, temporomandibular joint disease, bruxism,

PDF

___

1. Taş E., Bilazer M., Şahin E., Gürsel A.O. Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromlu hastalarda sefalometrik analiz sonuçları. KBB-Forum 2007; 6(2): 49-56.
2. Abbott M.B., Donnelly L.F., Dardzinski B.J., Poe S.S., Chini B.A., Amin R.S. Obstructive sleep apnea: MR imaging volume segmentation analysis. Pediatric Imaging 2004; 232: 889-895.
3. Koca C.G., Gümrükçü Z., Bilgir E. Does clinical findings correlate with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain? A cross sectional study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25(4): 495-501.
4. Odabaş B., Gündüz Arslan S. Temporomandibular eklem anatomisi ve rahatsızlıkları. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2008; 35(1): 77-85.
5. Bonato L.L., Quinelato V., De Felipe Cordeiro P.C., De Sousa E.B., Tesch R., Casado P.L. Association between temporomandibular disorders and pain in other regions of the body. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2016; 44(1): 9-15.
6. Koca C.G., Yıldırım B., Bilgir E. Effects of bruxism on temporomandibular joint internal derangement in patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint pain: The role of magnetic resonance imaging diagnostics. CRANIO 2021 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2021.1918959.
7. Pires PF, Castro EM, Pelai EB, de Arruda ABC, Bigaton DR. Analysis of the accuracy and reliability of the shortform Fonseca Anamnestic Index in the diagnosis of the myogenous temporomandibular disorder in women. Braz J Phys Ther. 2018; 22: 276-282.
8. Kheirabadi GR, Maracy MR, Akbaripour S, Masaeli N. Psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in a sample of Iranian women. Iran J Med Sci. 2012, 37: 32-38.
9. Yazıcı E, Yazıcı AB. Gebelik ve postpartum döneminde psikiyatrik bozukluklar klinik ve tedavi başvuru kitabı. Bölüm adı: Postpartum depresyon Editör: Prof. Dr. Faruk Uğuz. Birinci basım, 2017; sfy 31-49. Vizyon basımevi, İstanbul, Türkiye
10. Lobbezoo F., Ahlberg J., Glaros A.G., Kato T., Koyano K., Lavigne G.J., de Leeuw R., Manfredini D., Svensson P., Winocur E. Bruxism defined and graded: an international consensus. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2013; 40(1): 2-4.
11. Paesani D.A., Lobbezoo F., Gelos C., Guarda-Nardini L., Ahlberg J., Manfredini D. Correlation between selfreported and clinically based diagnoses of bruxism in temporomandibular disorders patients. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2013 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12101.
12. Zimmerman M., Aloia M. Sleep-disordered breathing and cognition in older adults. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2012; 12: 537-546.
13. Tahrani A., Somers V., Caples S. Obstructive sleep apnea, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. CurrrbOpin Pulm Med 2013; 19: 631-638.
14. LeResche L., saunders K., Von Korff MR., Barlow W., Dworkin S.F. Use of exogenous hormones and risk of temporomandibular disorder pain. Pain 1997; 69: 153-160.
15. Young T., Peppard P.E., Taheri S. Excess weight and sleepdisordered breathing. J Appl physiol 2005; 99: 1592-1599.
16. Veiga D.M., Cunali R., Bonotto D., Cunali P.A. Sleep quality in patients with temporomandibular disorder: a systematic review. Sleep Science 2013; 6(3): 120-124.
17. Zwiri A.M.A., Ghani Z.A., Husein A., Phaik K.S., Kassim N.K., Zainal S.A., Samsudin A.R. Obstructive sleep apnea and its relation with temporomandibular disorders: a narrative review. Journal of International Oral Health 2020; 12: 8-14.
18. Pires PF, Castro EM, Pelai EB, de Arruda ABC, Bigaton DR. Analysis of the accuracy and reliability of the shortform Fonseca Anamnestic Index in the diagnosis of the myogenous temporomandibular disorder in women. Braz J Phys Ther. 2018; 22: 276-282.
19. dos Santos Berni KC, Dibai-Filho AB, Rodrigues-Bigaton D. Accuracy of the Fonseca anamnestic index in the ıdintification of myogenous temporomandibular disorder in femalen community cases. J Bodywork & Movement Therapies. 2015; 19(3): 405-409.
20. Smith M.T., Wickwire E.M., Grace E.G., Edwards R.R., Buenaver L.F., Peterson S., Klick B., Haythornthwaite J.A. Sleep disorders and their association with laboratory pain sensitivity in temporomandibular joint disorder. Sleep 2009; 32(6): 779-790.
21. Edwards R.R., Grace E., Peterson S., Klick B., Haythornthwaite J.A., Smith M.T. Sleep continuity and architecture: associations with paim-inhibitory processes in patients with temporomandibular joint disorder. Eur J Pain 2009; 13(10): 1043-1047. Koca C.G. et al. Eurasia J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023 May;2(2): 29-34 Page 34
22. Sanders A.E., Essick G.K., Fillingim R., Knott C., Ohrbach R., greenspan J.D., Diatchenko L., Maixner W., Dubner R., Bair E., Miller W.E., Slade G.D. Sleep apnea symptoms and risk of temporomandibular disorder: OPPERA cohort JDR Clin Res Supp 2013; 92(1): 70-77.
23. Cunali P.A., Almeida F.R., Santos C.D., Valdrighi N.Y., Nascimento N.S., Dal’Fabbro C., Tufik S., Bittencourt L., R., A. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in obstructive sleep apnea patients referred for oral appliance therapy. J orofac pain 2009; 23: 339-344.
24. Jokubauskas J., Baltrusaityte A. Relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and sleep bruxism: a systematic review. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2017; 44: 144-153.
25. Saito M., Yamaguchi T., Mikami S., Watanabe K., Gotouda A., Okada K., Hishikawa R., Shibuya E., Lavigne G. Temporal association between sleep apnea-hypopnea and sleep bruxism events. J Sleep Res 2013; 23: 196-203.